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. 2024 Dec 2;42(26):126310.
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126310. Epub 2024 Sep 10.

Health-economic burden attributable to novel serotypes in candidate 24- and 31-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines

Laura M King  1 , Joseph A Lewnard  2
Affiliations
Free article

Health-economic burden attributable to novel serotypes in candidate 24- and 31-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines

Laura M King et al. Vaccine. .
Free article

Abstract

Introduction: Next-generation pneumococcal vaccines currently in clinical trials include 24- and 31-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV24, PCV31), which aim to prevent upper-respiratory carriage and disease involving the targeted serotypes. We aimed to estimate the comprehensive health-economic burden associated with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) attributable to PCV24- and PCV31-additional (non-PCV20) serotypes in the United States.

Material and methods: We multiplied all-cause incidence rate estimates for acute otitis media (AOM), sinusitis, and non-bacteremic pneumonia by estimates of the proportions of each of these conditions attributable to pneumococci and the proportions of pneumococcal infections involving PCV24- and PCV31-additional serotypes. We estimated serotype-specific IPD incidence rates using US Active Bacterial Core surveillance data. We accounted for direct medical and non-medical costs associated with each condition to estimate resulting health-economic burden. Non-medical costs included missed work and lost quality-adjusted life years due to death and disability.

Results: The health-economic burden of PCV24-additional serotypes totaled $1.3 ($1.1-1.7) billion annually in medical and non-medical costs, comprised of $0.9 ($0.7-1.2) billion due to ARIs and $0.4 ($0.3-0.5) billion due to IPD. For PCV31-additional serotypes, medical and non-medical costs totaled $7.5 ($6.6-8.6) billion annually, with $5.5 ($4.7-6.6) billion due to ARIs and $1.9 ($1.8-2.1) billion due to IPD. The largest single driver of costs was non-bacteremic pneumonia, particularly in adults aged 50-64 and ≥65 years.

Conclusions: Additional serotypes in PCV24 and PCV31, especially those included in PCV31, account for substantial health-economic burden in the United States.

Keywords: Health economics; Invasive pneumococcal disease; Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; Pneumonia.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Laura M King reports financial support was provided by Vaxcyte Inc. Joseph A Lewnard reports financial support was provided by Vaxcyte Inc. Laura M King reports a relationship with Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp that includes: consulting or advisory. Laura M King reports a relationship with Vaxcyte Inc. that includes: consulting or advisory. Joseph A Lewnard reports a relationship with Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp that includes: consulting or advisory and funding grants. Joseph A Lewnard reports a relationship with Vaxcyte Inc. that includes: consulting or advisory. Joseph A Lewnard reports a relationship with Pfizer Inc. that includes: consulting or advisory and funding grants. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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