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Case Reports
. 2024 Aug 22:37:e02066.
doi: 10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e02066. eCollection 2024.

Necrotizing pneumonia secondary to Influenza A (H1N1) coinfection with Staphylococcus aureus: A case report

Huibin Chen  1 , Hui Duan  1 , Jinling Zhao  1 , Kang Sun  1 , Keji Shan  1
Affiliations
Case Reports

Necrotizing pneumonia secondary to Influenza A (H1N1) coinfection with Staphylococcus aureus: A case report

Huibin Chen et al. IDCases. .

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to enhance understanding of necrotizing pneumonia and toxic shock syndrome by analyzing an adult case of community-acquired necrotizing pneumonia caused by co-infection of Influenza A (H1N1) and Staphylococcus aureus with LukS-PV and LukF-PV virulence factor genes.

Method: The clinical data of one patient admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with co-infection of Influenza A (H1N1) and Staphylococcus aureus was retrospectively analyzed.

Results: The patient exhibited typical clinical manifestations of viral and Staphylococcus aureus co-infection, including necrotizing pneumonia and toxic shock syndrome. The presence of LukS-PV and LukF-PV virulence factor genes of Staphylococcus aureus was detected in the patient's bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Unfortunately，although antiviral agents (oseltamivir) and antibiotics (linezolid, imipenem-cilastatin) were timely administrated, as well as corticosteroids for anti-inflammatory purposes, the patient's condition was progressively deteriorated and eventually led to death.

Conclusion: Clinical practitioners should be vigilant about the co-infection of Influenza virus and Staphylococcus aureus, particularly when the latter carries virulence factors. The presence of virulence factor genes of Staphylococcus aureus can lead to necrotizing pneumonia with a poor prognosis. This is a particular concern because both infections can be life threatening in young adults.

Keywords: Co-infection; Influenza A virus (H1N1); LukF and LukS genes; Necrotizing pneumonia; Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-producing Staphylococcus aureus; Pneumonia; Toxic shock syndrome.

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Conflict of interest statement

I, Huibin Chen declare that there are no conflicts of interest in relation to the manuscript titled“Necrotizing Pneumonia Induced by Influenza A (H1N1) Concurrent with Staphylococcus aureus Infection: a Case Report”submitted to IDCases. IDCasesI confirm that the results and interpretations reported in the manuscript are original and have to been plagiarized. I certify that I have read and understand the IDCases conflict of interest policy, and I understand that failure to disclose a conflict of interest may result in the manuscript being rejected or retracted. I also certify that I have disclosed any financial or non-financial relationships that may be interpreted as constituting a conflict of interest in relation to this manuscript. I understand that this information will be subject to peer review, and I am willing to provide further information or clarification if required. I confirm that I have no known conflicts of interest that would influence the results or interpretation of the data presented in this manuscript, and I understand that failure to disclose a conflict of interest is unethical and may result in sanctions being imposed on me. Huibin Chen.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Chest CT shows patchy and nodular opacities with consolidation in the right lung and left lower lobe. Some lesions exhibit cavitations.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Changes in the absolute values of white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, red blood cells, hemoglobin, and platelets of the patient.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Annotation results from the CARD (Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database) and VFDB (Virulence Factor Database) databases.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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