Addressing key risk factors for suicide at a societal level

Jane Pirkis¹, Jason Bantjes², Rakhi Dandona³, Duleeka Knipe⁴, Alexandra Pitman⁵, Jo Robinson⁶, Morton Silverman⁷, Keith Hawton⁸

Affiliations

¹ Centre for Mental Health and Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Electronic address: j.pirkis@unimelb.edu.au.
² Mental Health, Alcohol, Substance Use and Tobacco Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
³ Centre for Mental Health and Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India; Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
⁴ Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; South Asian Clinical Toxicology Research Collaboration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
⁵ Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK; Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
⁶ Orygen, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
⁷ Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
⁸ Centre for Suicide Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

PMID: 39265612
DOI: 10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00158-0

Free article

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Addressing key risk factors for suicide at a societal level

Jane Pirkis et al. Lancet Public Health. 2024 Oct.

Free article

. 2024 Oct;9(10):e816-e824.

doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00158-0. Epub 2024 Sep 10.

Authors

Jane Pirkis¹, Jason Bantjes², Rakhi Dandona³, Duleeka Knipe⁴, Alexandra Pitman⁵, Jo Robinson⁶, Morton Silverman⁷, Keith Hawton⁸

Affiliations

¹ Centre for Mental Health and Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Electronic address: j.pirkis@unimelb.edu.au.
² Mental Health, Alcohol, Substance Use and Tobacco Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
³ Centre for Mental Health and Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India; Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
⁴ Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; South Asian Clinical Toxicology Research Collaboration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
⁵ Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK; Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
⁶ Orygen, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
⁷ Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
⁸ Centre for Suicide Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

PMID: 39265612
DOI: 10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00158-0

Abstract

A public health approach to suicide prevention recognises the powerful influence of social determinants. In this paper-the fifth in a Series on a public health approach to suicide prevention-we consider four major risk factors for suicide (alcohol use, gambling, domestic violence and abuse, and suicide bereavement) and examine how their influence on suicide is socially determined. Cultural factors and societal responses have an important role in all four risk factors. In the case of alcohol use and gambling, commercial entities are culpable. This Series paper describes a range of universal, selective, and indicated interventions that might address these risk factors, and focuses particularly on key universal interventions that are likely to yield substantial population-level benefits.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of interests JP holds a National Health and Medical Research Council Investigator Grant (number 1173126) that provides salary support and research costs. She is also Scientific Adviser to Australia's National Suicide Prevention Office, which is developing the new National Suicide Prevention Strategy. DK declares salary support and research costs from the Wellcome Trust, the Centre for Pesticide Suicide Prevention, and the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention and research costs from the National Institute of Health Research. JR holds a National Health and Medical Research Council Investigator Grant (number 2008460) that provides salary support and research costs. She is a member of the Expert Advisory Group to Australia's National Suicide Prevention Office, which is developing the new National Suicide Prevention Strategy. She is also a member of Meta's suicide and self-injury global advisory group. KH is a member of the National Suicide Prevention Strategy for England Advisory Group. All other authors declare no competing interests.

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Addressing key risk factors for suicide at a societal level

Affiliations

Addressing key risk factors for suicide at a societal level

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Affiliations

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Conflict of interest statement

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