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Review
. 2024 Aug 29:12:1414323.
doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1414323. eCollection 2024.

Animal models, treatment options, and biomaterials for female stress urinary incontinence

Xiyang Tan  1   2   3 , Guangzhi Li  2 , Chenchen Li  2 , Chenfan Kong  1   2   3 , Huizhen Li  2 , Song Wu  1   2   3
Affiliations
Review

Animal models, treatment options, and biomaterials for female stress urinary incontinence

Xiyang Tan et al. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. .

Abstract

In the quest to tackle stress urinary incontinence (SUI), the synthesis of cutting-edge biomaterials and regenerative materials has emerged as a promising frontier. Briefly, animal models like vaginal distension and bilateral ovariectomy serve as crucial platforms for unraveling the intricacies of SUI, facilitating the evaluation of innovative treatments. The spotlight, however, shines on the development and application of novel biomaterials-ranging from urethral bulking agents to nano-gel composites-which aim to bolster urethral support and foster tissue regeneration. Furthermore, the exploration of stem cell therapies, particularly those derived from adipose tissues and urine, heralds a new era of regenerative medicine, offering potential for significant improvements in urinary function. This review encapsulates the progress in biomaterials and regenerative strategies, highlighting their pivotal role in advancing the treatment of SUI, thereby opening new avenues for effective and minimally invasive solutions.

Keywords: animal models; biomaterials; stress urinary incontinence; tissueengineered repair materials; urethral bulking agents.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Distribution of SUI incidence rates according to age.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Urine excretion process in normal humans.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Animal models commonly used in research on SUI.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Regeneration approach and construction of hybrid macro/nanogel composites. (A) Diagram illustrating urethral muscle regeneration utilizing an injectable, bioactive bulking hydrogel. (B) Formation of bFGF-loaded HP nanogels via hydrophobic interactions. Reprinted with permission from ref. (Park et al., 2014). Copyright 2014, ACS.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
Process of fabricating individual patterned layer. Reprinted with permission from ref. (Islam et al., 2015). Copyright 2015, IOP Publishing.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
Schematic diagram of urine-derived stem cell therapy for SUI. (A) Reprogramming iPSCs from urine samples. (B) Fibroblast differentiation. (C) Skeletal myocyte differentiation. (D) Engraftment of cells into rat tissues followed by histological evaluation. Reprinted with permission from ref. (Kibschull et al., 2023). Copyright 2023, Springer Nature.
FIGURE 7
FIGURE 7
Schematic diagram of induced stem cell homing treatment for SUI. Reprinted with permission from ref. (Yang et al., 2023). Copyright 2023, Elsevier.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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