Effects of long-term nutritional rehabilitation on body composition and clinical status in malnourished children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis

Abstract

Fourteen patients aged 4.9 to 21.5 years with cystic fibrosis and moderate to severe lung disease, malnutrition, or growth failure were given nocturnal supplemental feeding by gastrostomy tube. Mean follow-up was for 1.1 years (range 0.8 to 2.78 years). Patients were studied to observe the effect of nutritional support on body composition, growth, pulmonary function, and quality of life. A contemporary group of patients with CF was retrospectively pair matched to the study group. The supplemental feeding resulted in positive changes in body composition and in growth velocity. Weight, as a percentage of standard in the control group, declined by 3% over 1 year, whereas it increased by 2% in the treatment group (P less than 0.05). Pulmonary function, assessed as a percent of predicted FVC and FEV1, did not change significantly in the treatment group over 1.1 years, whereas FVC declined by 12% (P less than 0.01) and FEV1 declined by 13% (P less than 0.01) in the control group. There was a marked increase in patient ability to participate in activities of daily living, even in those patients in whom pulmonary function deteriorated during the study.