Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2024:1457:111-123.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-61939-7_6.

Pathophysiology of COVID-19-Related Extrapyramidal Disorders

Francesco Cavallieri  1 , Marialuisa Zedde  2   3 , Valentina Fioravanti  1 , Sara Grisanti  4 , Manuela Napoli  5 , Claudio Moratti  5 , Rosario Pascarella  5 , Elena Moro  6 , Franco Valzania  1
Affiliations
Review

Pathophysiology of COVID-19-Related Extrapyramidal Disorders

Francesco Cavallieri et al. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024.

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with a variety of neurological manifestations (i.e., anosmia, ageusia, myalgia, headache) and neurological syndromes (i.e., encephalopathy, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, myelitis, encephalitis) underlying different pathogenetic mechanisms. COVID-19 has also been associated with various movement disorders including acute or subacute parkinsonism. However, to date, only few cases of parkinsonism linked to COVID-19 have been reported, nevertheless raising the possibility of a post-viral parkinsonian syndrome. Furthermore, various studies in vitro and in animal models have highlighted a close relationship between SARS-CoV-2 virus and α-synuclein, leading to the hypothesis that COVID-19 could represent a factor favoring the long-term development of α-synucleopathies. In this chapter, we will discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms related to movement disorders' manifestations of COVID-19 focusing on the possible overlap between pathogenetic mechanisms of Parkinson's Disease and COVID-19.

Keywords: Atypical parkinsonism; COVID‐19; Extrapyramidal; Parkinsonism; Parkinson’s disease; Pathophysiology; SARS-CoV-2.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

See all similar articles

References

    1. Alam MS, Czajkowsky DM (2022) SARS-CoV-2 infection and oxidative stress: pathophysiological insight into thrombosis and therapeutic opportunities. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 63:44–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2021.11.001 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Albornoz EA, Amarilla AA, Modhiran N et al (2022) SARS-CoV-2 drives NLRP3 inflammasome activation in human microglia through spike protein. Mol Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-022-01831-0 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
    1. Awogbindin IO, Ben-Azu B, Olusola BA et al (2021) Microglial Implications in SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19: lessons from viral RNA neurotropism and possible relevance to Parkinson’s disease. Front Cell Neurosci 15:670298. https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2021.670298 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
    1. Beauchamp LC, Finkelstein DI, Bush AI et al (2020) Parkinsonism as a third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic? J Parkinsons Dis 10:1343–1353. https://doi.org/10.3233/JPD-202211 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
    1. Beckman D, Bonillas A, Diniz GB et al (2022) SARS-CoV-2 infects neurons and induces neuroinflammation in a non-human primate model of COVID-19. Cell Rep 41:111573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111573 - DOI - PubMed - PMC

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources