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Review
. 2024 Sep 3:12:1459891.
doi: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1459891. eCollection 2024.

Advance in the application of organoids in bone diseases

Yajie Kong  1   2   3 , Yujia Yang  2   3 , Yu Hou  2   3 , Yuzhong Wang  1 , Wenjing Li  4 , Yongzhou Song  1   2   3   5
Affiliations
Review

Advance in the application of organoids in bone diseases

Yajie Kong et al. Front Cell Dev Biol. .

Abstract

Bone diseases such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis have become important human health problems, requiring a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of related diseases and the development of more effective treatments. Bone organoids are three-dimensional tissue masses that are useful for drug screening, regenerative medicine, and disease modeling because they may mimic the structure and physiological activities of organs. Here, we describe various potential methods for culturing bone-related organoids from different stem cells, detailing the construction processes and highlighting the main applications of these bone organoid models. The application of bone organoids in different skeletal diseases is highlighted, and current and promising bone organoids for drug screening and regenerative medicine as well as the latest technological advancements in bone organoids are discussed, while the future development of bone organoids is discussed. Looking forward, it will provide a reference for constructing bone organoids with more complete structures and functions and applying them to biomedical research.

Keywords: biomaterials; bone diseases; bone organoids; regenerative medicine; stem cells.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

None
The graphical abstract was created with BioRender (www.biorender.com).
FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Construction process of bone organoids. In order to cultivate cartilage organoids, stem cells such as iPSCs, MSCs, ESCs, and hPDCs are primarily utilized. After that, these cells self-assemble to create organoids in medium with or without scaffolds. Image created with BioRender (www.biorender.com).
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Application of tissue explant culture and biomaterials in bone diseases. This figure shows trabecular bone explants filled with biomaterials, osteogenic organoids utilizing muscle biomaterials, and hydrogel injection in an IVD tissue explant culture model. The combination of tissue explant culture and biomaterials provides an important experimental platform and technical means for studying the developmental mechanisms of bone organs, construction of disease models, drug screening and regenerative medicine treatment. Image created with BioRender (www.biorender.com).
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Disease modeling of bone organoids. Image created with BioRender (www.biorender.com).
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Bone Organoids and organoids-on-chips. These generated organoids have potential for drug screening, disease modeling, regenerative medicine, and tissue engineering. Image created with BioRender (www.biorender.com).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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