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. 2024 Nov;46 Suppl 5(Suppl 5):S227-S232.
doi: 10.1016/j.htct.2024.06.006. Epub 2024 Sep 7.

Pediatric venous thromboembolism: incidence and patient profile in a single Brazilian institution

Liana Ariel de Siqueira Lira  1 , Jorge David Aivazoglou Carneiro  2 , Maria do Carmo Menezes Bezerra Duarte  3
Affiliations

Pediatric venous thromboembolism: incidence and patient profile in a single Brazilian institution

Liana Ariel de Siqueira Lira et al. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther. 2024 Nov.

Abstract

Background: As the diagnosis of Pediatric venous thromboembolism has dramatically increased in recent decades, this study aims to evaluate these patients, determining the incidence and describing their biological and clinical characteristics.

Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted at a Brazilian quaternary hospital between January 2022 and February 2023. Under 18-year-old hospitalized patients with a confirmed diagnosis of venous thromboembolism were included, while those with arterial or chronic thrombosis were excluded. Data on biological and clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment were evaluated. A descriptive data analysis was performed and the incidence of hospital-associated thrombosis was calculated.

Results: Thirty-nine pediatric patients were evaluated. The incidence of hospital-associated thrombosis was 19.9 cases per 10,000 pediatric hospitalizations. Median age at diagnosis was four months (range: 12 days-17 years). Most of the patients (66.7%) were asymptomatic, with venous thromboembolism being diagnosed incidentally. In all cases, at least one risk factor was identified and in 74.6% of cases four or more factors were present. The principal risk factors were the presence of a central venous catheter (89.7%) and infection (89.7%). Thrombogenic comorbidities, particularly congenital heart disease, were present in 48.7% of patients.

Conclusions: The incidence of venous thromboembolism found in the present study was lower than rates reported in developed countries. The principal characteristics of this sample were a greater frequency of central venous catheter and infection as risk factors, and the fact that the cases consisted mainly of newborns and individuals with heart disease.

Keywords: Adolescent; Child; Thrombosis; Venous thromboembolism.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest None declared.

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