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Review
. 2024 Sep 10:8:100283.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100283. eCollection 2024 Dec.

Comprehensive analysis of lipid nanoparticle formulation and preparation for RNA delivery

Md Anamul Haque  1 , Archana Shrestha  1 , Constantinos M Mikelis  2   3 , George Mattheolabakis  1
Affiliations
Review

Comprehensive analysis of lipid nanoparticle formulation and preparation for RNA delivery

Md Anamul Haque et al. Int J Pharm X. .

Abstract

Nucleic acid-based therapeutics are a common approach that is increasingly popular for a wide spectrum of diseases. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are promising delivery carriers that provide RNA stability, with strong transfection efficiency, favorable and tailorable pharmacokinetics, limited toxicity, and established translatability. In this review article, we describe the lipid-based delivery systems, focusing on lipid nanoparticles, the need of their use, provide a comprehensive analysis of each component, and highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the existing manufacturing processes. We further summarize the ongoing and completed clinical trials utilizing LNPs, indicating important aspects/questions worth of investigation, and analyze the future perspectives of this significant and promising therapeutic approach.

Keywords: Lipid nanoparticles; Microfluidics; Transfection; mRNA; siRNA.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interest.

Figures

Unlabelled Image
Graphical abstract
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Cellular uptake and endosomal escape of nucleic acid carrying lipid nanoparticles into the cytosol to modulate gene expression. Image was created using BioRender.com
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Graphical illustration of lipid-based systems used for nucleic acid delivery. The image was created with BioRender.com
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
LNP formulation using microfluidic setups involves pump systems for regulating the flow of ethanolic and aqueous solutions for mixing in the microfluidic chip. (a) Representative formulation setup for LNPs; (b) Representative microfluidic chips used for mixing the two solutions and producing the LNPs. The image was created with BioRender.com
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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