Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2024 Sep 10:29:100474.
doi: 10.1016/j.lansea.2024.100474. eCollection 2024 Oct.

Incidence of Kawasaki disease among children in Chandigarh, India during 2015-2019: a trend analysis

Rakesh Kumar Pilania  1 , Suprit Basu  1 , Jyoti Dixit  2 , Rajni Kumrah  1 , Ankur Kumar Jindal  1 , Abarna Thangaraj  1 , Ruby Nimesh  2 , Taranpreet Kaur  1 , Pandiarajan Vignesh  1 , Deepti Suri  1 , Amit Rawat  1 , Sanjeev H Naganur  3 , Manphool Singhal  4 , Shankar Prinja  2 , Surjit Singh  1
Affiliations

Incidence of Kawasaki disease among children in Chandigarh, India during 2015-2019: a trend analysis

Rakesh Kumar Pilania et al. Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia. .

Abstract

Background: Only limited information exists regarding the epidemiology of Kawasaki disease (KD) in low-income and middle-income countries. The present study provides the incidence of KD during 2015-2019 in Chandigarh, north India. Our centre follows the largest KD cohort in India.

Methods: Children with KD at Chandigarh diagnosed during January 2015-December 2019 were enrolled in the study. Annual incidence rates were determined using decadal growth rates of the National Census 2011. We computed the incidence of KD in children aged <5, and <15 years. We also undertook linear trend analysis using our incidence data from 1994 to 2019.

Findings: During 2015-2019, 83 patients (66 males, 17 females) were diagnosed with KD in Chandigarh. Incidence rates during these 5 years were 5.64, 9.25, 9.11, 9.87, and 9.72/100,000 in children aged <5 years, and 2.65, 4.44, 3.86, 5.07, 4.74/100,000 in children aged <15 years. The median age at diagnosis was 48 months (range: 12 days to 15 years). Compared to previous data (2009-2014), there was a 53.1% increase in annual incidence of KD in children aged <5 years, and a 53.7% increase in children aged <15 years. Coronary artery abnormalities during acute phase were noted in 16.9%, and in 7.2% of patients at 6 weeks of follow-up. The trend analysis indicated a monthly rise of 0.002 cases per 100,000 children aged <5 years, and 0.0165 cases per 100,000 children aged <15 years.

Interpretation: The incidence of KD has continued to show an upward trend in Chandigarh over the period 2015-2019. This may indicate a true rise in the occurrence of KD or may reflect better disease ascertainment as a result of greater awareness about KD amongst healthcare professionals.

Funding: None.

Keywords: Awareness; Chandigarh; Coronary artery abnormalities; Epidemiology; Incidence; Kawasaki disease; North India.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare that they have no potential conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Age-wise distribution of children with Kawasaki disease (KD) in Chandigarh, India during 2015–2019.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Incidence of Kawasaki disease among children aged <5 and <15 years in Chandigarh, India (2015–2019). Below 5: children aged <5 years, below 15: children aged <15 years.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Seasonal distribution of Kawasaki disease (KD) cases in Chandigarh during 2015–2019. The X-axis represents the quarters from January 2015 to December 2019. Red line depicts the number of KD cases estimated with the help of moving average methods (MA).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Trend analysis of Kawasaki disease (KD) cases aged <5 years (Jan 1994–Dec 2019).
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Trend analysis of Kawasaki disease (KD) cases aged <15 years (Jan 1994–Dec 2019).
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Difference in trends between Kawasaki disease (KD) cases and acute rheumatic fever (RF). Changes of Kawasaki disease cases in Chandigarh versus acute rheumatic fever national level estimates of disease generated by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) during (2001–2008).
Supplementary Fig. S1
Supplementary Fig. S1
Supplementary Fig. 1: Decadal growth rate of population in Chandigarh, India (1951–2011).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. McCrindle B.W., Rowley A.H., Newburger J.W., et al. Diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of Kawasaki disease: a scientific statement for health professionals from the American heart association. Circulation. 2017;135(17):e927–e999. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000484. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Newburger J.W., Takahashi M., Gerber M.A., et al. Diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of Kawasaki disease: a statement for health professionals from the committee on rheumatic fever, endocarditis and Kawasaki disease, Council on cardiovascular disease in the young, American heart association. Circulation. 2004;110(17):2747–2771. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000145143.19711.1E. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Singh S., Vignesh P., Burgner D. The epidemiology of Kawasaki disease: a global update. Arch Dis Child. 2015;100(11):1084–1088. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2015-308665. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Lin M.T., Wu M.H. The global epidemiology of Kawasaki disease: review and future perspectives. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract. 2017;2017(3) doi: 10.21542/gcsp.2017.20. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Iio K., Matsubara K., Miyakoshi C., et al. Incidence of Kawasaki disease before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective cohort study in Japan. BMJ Paediatr Open. 2021;5(1) doi: 10.1136/bmjpo-2021-001034. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources