Mapping the Landscape of Those Left Behind When a Person With Dementia Dies: Roles of Race and Ethnicity

Abstract

Introduction: People with dementia can have many family and friends who might be affected by their deaths. Pursuing the long-term aim of understanding how dementia deaths affect close family and friends, this project lays groundwork through estimates of who those close family and friends are, with special attention to race and ethnicity.

Method: Regression models estimated associations between dementia, race/ethnicity, and close family and friend network size, controlling for age, sex, education, marital status, and household wealth for 1386 deceased people with dementia from the Health and Retirement Study (2004 to 2018).

Results: Persons with dementia had an average of 9.4 close family and friends at death. But patterns of close family and friends were different among non-Latino Black (10.8), Latino (9.9), and non-Latino White (9.2) people with dementia at death. Notably, non-Latino White persons with dementia had the fewest close family (3.7), followed by non-Latino Black (5.1), and Latino (7.7) persons with dementia.

Discussion: Knowing who might be affected by dementia deaths is the first step to explore how dementia-related deaths impact close family and friends. Future work can now sample bereaved family and friends of people with dementia to explore their experiences and develop culturally appropriate supports.