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Case Reports
. 2024 Aug 25;16(8):e67736.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.67736. eCollection 2024 Aug.

Anti-GBM Nephritis in an 11-Year-Old Female Child: A Rare Case Report

Shivani Kale  1 , Manojkumar Patil  1 , Shailaja Mane  1 , Neha Thorbole  1 , Manoj Matnani  1
Affiliations
Case Reports

Anti-GBM Nephritis in an 11-Year-Old Female Child: A Rare Case Report

Shivani Kale et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) nephritis is a rare autoimmune condition involving the glomerular basement membrane of the kidneys. This case report describes an 11-year-old female who presented with edema, decreased urine output, and altered sensorium, progressing to hypertension and requiring emergent hemodialysis. A renal biopsy showing Immunoglobulin G (IgG) linear deposits confirmed the diagnosis. The patient was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone and antihypertensives and then scheduled for regular dialysis. This case underscores the critical need for early diagnosis and aggressive management to prevent severe complications in pediatric anti-GBM disease.

Keywords: anti-glomerular basement membrane disease; autoantibodies; autoimmune; goodpasture's syndrome; nephritis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. PA view of chest radiograph
PA: Posteroanterior
Figure 2
Figure 2. Brain MRI. Axial section showing diffuse vasogenic edema noted in the subcortical and deep white matter of bilateral parieto-occipital lobes (red arrow).
MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging
Figure 3
Figure 3. Trend of daily urine output during admission
Figure 4
Figure 4. Serum creatinine level with each hemodialysis cycle. Arrows indicate hemodialysis cycles.
Figure 5
Figure 5. PAS-stained renal biopsy (100x) image showing fibrous crescents
PAS: Periodic acid-Schiff
Figure 6
Figure 6. Immunofluorescence showing IgG positive (+++) linear deposits along the glomerular capillary wall. IgA, IgM, C3, C1q are negative.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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