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. 2025 May;27(5):2160-2173.
doi: 10.1007/s12094-024-03724-w. Epub 2024 Sep 26.

Caveolin-1 modulates cisplatin sensitivity in oral squamous cell carcinoma through ferroptosis

Weilin Zhang  1   2 , Xinyi Yang  1 , Wei Lin  1 , Yang Yi  1 , Hai Wu  1 , Jiangying Yang  1 , Hongman Long  1 , Guanglan Zou  3 , Yadong Wu  4   5
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Caveolin-1 modulates cisplatin sensitivity in oral squamous cell carcinoma through ferroptosis

Weilin Zhang et al. Clin Transl Oncol. 2025 May.

Abstract

Objective: Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is widely used for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but drug resistance and decreased sensitivity often occur during the treatment, greatly weakening its therapeutic effect. Caveolin-1 (CAV1), a protein related to ferroptosis, is involved in regulating the resistance and sensitivity of various tumor chemotherapies. This study aims to investigate whether CAV1 can regulate the sensitivity of OSCC to cisplatin through ferroptosis.

Methods: Through bioinformatics analysis, we analyzed the expression of CAV1 in OSCC and its impact on prognosis analyzed the relationship between CAV1 and tumor immune infiltration, and verified the expression of CAV1 in OSCC through immunohistochemistry experiments. We silenced the expression of CAV1 in OSCC cells through lentiviral transfection and evaluated the cell migration and invasion abilities through wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. CCK8 assay was used to assess the sensitivity of cells to cisplatin, and ferroptosis-related biochemical marker changes were measured. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins.

Results: The results revealed a high expression of CAV1 in OSCC, and its high expression predicted poor prognosis in OSCC. CAV1 is associated with drug metabolism pathways in OSCC, and its expression affects the infiltration levels of various immune cells in tumors. Further experiments indicated that CAV1 can inhibit ferroptosis and cisplatin sensitivity in cancer cells, promoting their migration and invasion.

Conclusion: CAV1 promotes the progression of OSCC and can affect the sensitivity of cisplatin by regulating cellular ferroptosis.

Keywords: CAV1; Chemotherapy; Ferroptosis; Oral squamous carcinoma cells.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Ethical approval: The use of Human tissue samples is carried out according to the approved protocol of the Human Ethics Committee of Guizhou Medical University Affiliated Stomatological Hospital. Each patient is informed of the purpose of sampling and signs a written consent form for tissue donation. Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in the study.

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