Management of obesity

Abstract

Purpose: This review summarizes the comprehensive management of obesity with a focus on the pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of anti-obesity medications.

Summary: Obesity is a highly prevalent chronic disease with significant health risks, requiring a multifaceted approach to treatment. While most approved weight loss medications have modest effects, newer medications such as semaglutide and tirzepatide have shown greater than 15% reduction in baseline weight. Optimal selection of therapy requires taking into consideration patient factors, such as comorbidities and goals, and medication-related factors, including weight loss efficacy, contraindications, and improvements in cardiovascular risk. As the availability of anti-obesity medications increases, multidisciplinary care teams will play an important role in selecting optimal strategies for long-term health benefits in individuals with obesity.

Conclusion: The expanding array of anti-obesity medications provides valuable treatment options alongside lifestyle interventions and surgical approaches for managing obesity and reducing weight-related health risks. As this therapeutic area continues to grow, selecting optimal agents and educating patients on administration, monitoring, and potential adverse effects will be critical for improving overall outcomes.

Keywords: endocrinology; new drug therapy; obesity; pharmacotherapy; weight loss.