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Case Reports
. 2024 Aug 26;16(8):e67855.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.67855. eCollection 2024 Aug.

Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: A Rare Incidence by Achromobacter xylosidans

Paul Q Vu  1 , Mrudula Thiriveedi  2 , Siddharth Patel  2 , Kalashree Gopal  1
Affiliations
Case Reports

Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: A Rare Incidence by Achromobacter xylosidans

Paul Q Vu et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Liver cirrhosis results from progressive hepatic fibrosis and is generally considered irreversible. One of the many consequences of cirrhosis is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. This typically presents in patients with decompensated cirrhosis due to bacterial translocation, most commonly from the intestinal bacterial flora seeding into the ascitic fluid. We present a rare case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis caused by Achromobacter xylosidans. This bacterium is mostly associated with nosocomial infections, and due to its multidrug-resistant nature, treatment options are often limited. This case highlights a rare cause of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis to consider in the setting of recent hospitalization, and the importance of recognizing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis versus secondary bacterial peritonitis.

Keywords: achromobacter xylosidans; ascites; cirrhosis; gram negative bacteremia; multidrug-resistance; s: nosocomial infections; secondary bacterial peritonitis; spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp).

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Conflict of interest statement

Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

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