Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Sep 11:12:1393764.
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1393764. eCollection 2024.

Dietary knowledge, attitude, practice, and associated factors among pregnant mothers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Ewunetie Mekashaw Bayked  1 , Ebrahim M Yimer  1 , Tiruset Gelaw  2 , Abdu Seid Mohammed  2 , Nigusie Abebaw Mekonen  2
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Dietary knowledge, attitude, practice, and associated factors among pregnant mothers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Ewunetie Mekashaw Bayked et al. Front Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: Despite global efforts, progress in reducing maternal malnutrition falls short of international goals, which is the same for Ethiopia, provided that studying dietary knowledge, attitude, and practice and their determinants is crucial to developing and implementing effective interventions, which this review tried to investigate in an Ethiopian context.

Methods: We searched on Scopus, HINARI, PubMed, and Google Scholar on January 3, 2024. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI's) tools and the "preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement" to evaluate bias and frame the review, respectively. The data were analyzed using Stata 17. Certainty was assessed using sensitivity and subgroup analyses and the Luis Furuya-Kanamori (LFK) index. The random effects model was used to determine the effect estimates with a p value less than 0.05 and a 95% CI.

Results: The pooled good dietary knowledge, favorable attitude, and good practice were 48.0% (95% CI: 39.0-57.0%), 47.0% (95% CI: 38.0-55.0%), and 34.0% (95% CI: 28.0-40.0%), respectively. Knowledge and attitude had bidirectional relationships and were affected by sociodemographic variables and gynecological issues. The dietary practice was influenced by urban residency (OR = 6.68, 95% CI: 2.49-10.87), food security (OR = 3.51, 95% CI: 1.02-5.99), knowledge (OR = 4.53, 95% CI: 3.22-5.74), nutrition information (OR = 3.07, 95% CI: 1.13-5.02), attitude (OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.34-3.30), family support (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.43-2.85), perceived severity of malnutrition (OR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.82-2.31), and positive perception of dietary benefit (OR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.56-2.82).

Conclusion: The good dietary practice was lower than the knowledge and the favorable attitude toward it. It was influenced by sociodemographic variables, income and wealth, knowledge and information, attitudes and intentions, gynecological and illness experiences, family support and decision-making, and expectations of nutrition outcomes and habits. Sociodemographic and gynecological issues were also found to influence both dietary knowledge and attitude, which were also found to have bidirectional relationships.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO identifier: CRD42023440688.

Keywords: Ethiopia; attitude; diet; factor; knowledge; nutrition; practice; pregnancy.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic description of the screening processes for literature, 2024.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Summary of the risk of bias assessment of the included studies (n = 19), 2024.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The proportion of good dietary knowledge.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The proportion of favorable attitudes toward good dietary practice.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The proportion of good dietary practices.
Figure 6
Figure 6
The extent of the influence of residence on good dietary practices.
Figure 7
Figure 7
The extent of the influence of food security on good dietary practices.
Figure 8
Figure 8
The extent of the influence of knowledge on good dietary practices.
Figure 9
Figure 9
The extent of the influence of nutrition information on good dietary practices.
Figure 10
Figure 10
The extent of the influence of radio ownership on good dietary practices.
Figure 11
Figure 11
The extent of the influence of attitude on good dietary practices.
Figure 12
Figure 12
The extent of the influence of illness on good dietary practices.
Figure 13
Figure 13
The extent of the influence of the ANC visit on good dietary practices.
Figure 14
Figure 14
The extent of the influence of family support on good dietary practices.
Figure 15
Figure 15
The extent of influence of perceived severity of malnutrition on good dietary practices.
Figure 16
Figure 16
The extent of the influence of the perceived benefits of good nutrition on good dietary practices.
Figure 17
Figure 17
The extent of publication bias among the included studies regarding dietary practice using the LFK value.
Figure 18
Figure 18
Sensitivity analysis among the included studies regarding dietary practice using a random effects model.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Results UK (2021). Nutrition is a human right, Results UK, London, United Kingdom.
    1. Rannan-Eliya R.P. (2008). Extending social health protection in the Asia Pacific region: progress and challenges, International Labour Organization, New Delhi, India, 9–20.
    1. World Health Organization (2019). Nutrition in universal health coverage, World Health Organization.
    1. Centre for Health Protection (2017). Nutrient Classifications. Centre for Health Protection, Kowloon City, Hong Kong.
    1. Das JK, Salam RA, Bhutta ZA. Malnutrition: a global problem In: Guandalini S, Dhawan A, Branski D, editors. Textbook of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition: A Comprehensive Guide to Practice. Cham: Springer International Publishing; (2016). 505–13.

LinkOut - more resources