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. 2025 Jul;40(13-14):3284-3306.
doi: 10.1177/08862605241268782. Epub 2024 Sep 27.

Patterns of Technology-Based Abuse Among Adult Intimate Partner Violence Survivors and Associations with Offline Abuse

Lauren A Reed  1 , Megan Lindsay Brown  2 , Andrea Kappas Mazzio  3 , Jill Theresa Messing  4 , Kevin Grimm  4 , Karin Wachter  4 , Tina Jiwatram-Negrón  4 , Kwynn Gonzalez-Pons  5
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Patterns of Technology-Based Abuse Among Adult Intimate Partner Violence Survivors and Associations with Offline Abuse

Lauren A Reed et al. J Interpers Violence. 2025 Jul.

Abstract

Research about technology-based abuse (TBA) has primarily relied on youth-focused survey research, leading to gaps in knowledge about the experiences of TBA among adult populations. However, studies among adult intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors suggest that TBA is a pervasive problem warranting attention. This study builds on the limited existing literature about adult experiences of TBA by examining patterns of TBA among adult abuse survivors (n = 377). Latent class analysis showed three distinct patterns of TBA: technology-based emotional abuse, technology-based monitoring, and technology-based control. Multinomial regression analyses demonstrated that TBA co-occurs with offline IPV. Findings reinforce the significant role of TBA in adult IPV survivors' lives and highlight the importance of assessing for TBA among survivors.

Keywords: coercive control; domestic violence; image-based abuse; intimate partner violence; online harassment; technology-based abuse.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interests with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article.

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