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Review
. 2024 Sep 12;13(18):1527.
doi: 10.3390/cells13181527.

Immunotherapy for Parkinson's Disease and Alzheimer's Disease: A Promising Disease-Modifying Therapy

Anns Mahboob  1 , Hasan Ali  1 , AlJazi AlNaimi  1 , Mahmoud Yousef  1 , Mlaak Rob  1 , Nawaf Ahmad Al-Muhannadi  1 , Degiri Kalana Lasanga Senevirathne  1 , Ali Chaari  1
Affiliations
Review

Immunotherapy for Parkinson's Disease and Alzheimer's Disease: A Promising Disease-Modifying Therapy

Anns Mahboob et al. Cells. .

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are two neurodegenerative diseases posing a significant disease burden due to their increasing prevalence and socio-economic cost. Traditional therapeutic approaches for these diseases exist but provide limited symptomatic relief without addressing the underlying pathologies. This review examines the potential of immunotherapy, specifically monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), as disease-modifying treatments for AD and PD. We analyze the pathological mechanisms of AD and PD, focusing on the roles of amyloid-beta (Aβ), tau (τ), and alpha-synuclein (α-syn) proteins. We discuss the latest advancements in mAb therapies targeting these proteins, evaluating their efficacy in clinical trials and preclinical studies. We also explore the challenges faced in translating these therapies from bench to bedside, including issues related to safety, specificity, and clinical trial design. Additionally, we highlight future directions for research, emphasizing the need for combination therapies, improved biomarkers, and personalized treatment strategies. This review aims to provide insights into the current state and future potential of antibody-based immunotherapy in modifying the course of AD and PD, ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease (AD); Parkinson’s disease (PD); disease-modifying therapy; monoclonal antibodies (mAbs); neurodegenerative diseases (NDs).

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Historical timeline of AD.
Figure 2
Figure 2
A representation of the multifaceted pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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