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. 2024 Sep 16;12(18):1864.
doi: 10.3390/healthcare12181864.

Implementing a Pulmonary Telerehabilitation Program for Young Adults with Post-COVID-19 Conditions: A Pilot Study

Wilmer Esparza  1   2 , Alfredo Noboa  2 , Camila Madera  1 , Patricia Acosta-Vargas  3 , Gloria Acosta-Vargas  4 , Mayra Carrión-Toro  5 , Marco Santórum  5 , Manuel Ayala-Chauvin  6 , Guillermo Santillán  2
Affiliations

Implementing a Pulmonary Telerehabilitation Program for Young Adults with Post-COVID-19 Conditions: A Pilot Study

Wilmer Esparza et al. Healthcare (Basel). .

Abstract

Background: Several studies have shown that pulmonary telerehabilitation (PTR) improves respiratory capacity. However, there is little evidence of its effectiveness in youth with post-COVID-19 conditions (PCC). This study analyzed the effects of a PTR program on young adults with PCC.

Methods: Sixteen youths were randomly assigned to a control group (CG) or an experimental group (EG), with eight participants each. The EG participated in a PTR program that included twelve remote, asynchronous four-week sessions with diaphragmatic breathing and aerobic exercises. Vital signs (SpO2, HR, RR, BP), physical capacity (sit-to-stand test), cardiorespiratory capacity (6-Minute Walk Test), and perceived exertion (Borg scale) were assessed in both groups.

Results: Statistical analyses showed a significant decrease in RR and HR (p < 0.012) and an increase in SpO2 (p < 0.042), physical (p < 0.012), and respiratory (p < 0.028) capacity. Perceived effort decreased significantly in both groups (CG: p < 0.006; EG: p < 0.001) only for physical but not for cardiorespiratory capacity (p < 0.106). There were no statistical changes registered in BP (p > 0.05).

Conclusions: The PTR program, which includes respiratory and aerobic exercises, is feasible and effective in improving physical and cardiorespiratory capacity in young people with PCC, as well as reducing HR, RR, and dyspnea.

Keywords: COVID-19; aerobic exercises; pulmonary rehabilitation; telerehabilitation; young adults.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Borg scale results after the 1 min sit-to-stand test. * Significant differences within the groups.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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