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. 2024 Sep 20;29(18):4477.
doi: 10.3390/molecules29184477.

Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 Composites as Adsorbents for Levofloxacin Hydrochloride Removal

Fuhua Wei  1 , Qin Zhang  1 , Qinhui Ren  1 , Hongliang Chen  1 , Yutao Zhang  1 , Zhao Liang  2
Affiliations

Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 Composites as Adsorbents for Levofloxacin Hydrochloride Removal

Fuhua Wei et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

The Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 composites were synthesized using the solvothermal method. XRD, FTIR, and SEM techniques were utilized to characterize the Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 composites employed for simulating levofloxacin hydrochloride in wastewater. The impact of the mass of the Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 composite, concentration of levofloxacin hydrochloride, solution pH, and temperature on the adsorption performance was investigated. Experimental findings indicated that at pH 6, the maximum removal efficiency of levofloxacin hydrochloride by the Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 composite was achieved at 88.8%, with an adsorption capacity of 246.3 mg/g. To analyze the experimental data, both pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetics models were applied, revealing that the pseudo-second-order model provided a better fit to the data. Additionally, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to study equilibrium adsorption behavior and showed good agreement with both kinetic modeling and Langmuir isotherm analysis results. These observations suggest that monolayer adsorption predominates during the removal process of levofloxacin hydrochloride by Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 composites.

Keywords: MOFs; adsorption; antibiotic; composites.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing financial interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
FTIR of Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2.
Figure 2
Figure 2
XRD of Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2.
Figure 3
Figure 3
SEM and Atomic energy spectra of Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2.
Figure 4
Figure 4
N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms of Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Adsorption capacity of levofloxacin by Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2. (The errors of concentration and mass are less than ±5% and ±1%, respectively.)
Figure 6
Figure 6
Recycling of Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 for the removal of levofloxacin. (The errors of concentration and mass are less than ±5% and ±1%, respectively.).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Langmuir isotherm of levofloxacin hydrochloride onto Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Freundlich isotherm of levofloxacin hydrochloride onto Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Kinetic model for the adsorption levofloxacin hydrochloride over the Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 (linear).
Figure 10
Figure 10
Kinetic model for the adsorption levofloxacin hydrochloride over the Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 (non-linear).
Figure 11
Figure 11
The impact of pH on the adsorption capacity of levofloxacin hydrochloride. (The error of adsorption capacity is less than ±1%).
Figure 12
Figure 12
Van’t Hoff plots to obtain the ΔH and ΔS of levofloxacin hydrochloride adsorption over Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2.
Figure 13
Figure 13
Adsorption mechanism of Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 on levofloxacin.
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