Maternal Polyphenols and Offspring Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health

Abstract

Background: The convergence of cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic disorders at the pathophysiological level has led to the recognition of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome, which represents a significant global health challenge. Polyphenols, a group of phytochemicals, have demonstrated potential health-promoting effects.

Methods: This review highlights the impact of maternal polyphenol supplementation on the CKM health of offspring.

Results: Initially, we summarize the interconnections between polyphenols and each aspect of CKM syndrome. We then discuss in vivo studies that have investigated the use of polyphenols during pregnancy and breastfeeding, focusing on their role in preventing CKM syndrome in offspring. Additionally, we explore the common mechanisms underlying the protective effects of maternal polyphenol supplementation.

Conclusions: Overall, this review underscores the potential of early-life polyphenol interventions in safeguarding against CKM syndrome in offspring. It emphasizes the importance of continued research to advance our understanding and facilitate the clinical translation of these interventions.

Keywords: cardiovascular disease; developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD); gut microbiota; hypertension; kidney disease; metabolic syndrome; polyphenols; resveratrol.

Figure 1

Polyphenol classes and main compounds.

Figure 2

Metabolic fates of dietary polyphenols in the body involve several stages: phase I and II metabolism in the gut and liver, microbial metabolism, absorption into systemic circulation, interaction with target organs, and eventual elimination through feces and urine.

Figure 3

Schema outlining the protective mechanisms of polyphenols behind cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic syndrome with developmental origins.