A comprehensive review on colorimetric and fluorometric investigations of dual sensing chemosensors for Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions from the year 2017 to 2023

Abstract

Dual sensing chemosensors for copper(II) and iron(III) ions are molecules or compounds designed to selectively detect and differentiate between these specific metal ions. Because metal ions like copper(II) and iron(III) are essential to so many industrial, biological, and environmental processes, their detection and measurement have become increasingly important. In this work, a novel dual-sensing chemosensor that combines high selectivity and sensitivity is presented. It is intended to detect copper(II) (Cu²⁺) and iron (III)(Fe³⁺) ions concurrently. The chemosensor combines two different recognition components into one platform and achieves dual-mode detection by combining optical and electrochemical sensing approaches. Using a dual sensing chemosensors for two cations can save money and time compared to preparing two separate chemosensors to sense each of those cations separately. We often use various techniques, including spectroscopy, fluorescence, and electrochemistry, to monitor and measure the changes induced by the interaction between the chemosensors and the metal ions. Discussions have been held on the excitation and emission wavelengths, media used in the spectroscopic measurements, binding constant with coordination binding mode, detection mechanism, and detection limit (LOD). This extensive review paper investigates colorimetric and fluorometric dual sensing analysis for Cu²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions which includes more than sixty papers from the year of 2017 to 2023.

Keywords: Chemosensors; Cu(2+) and Fe(3+); Fluorescence/colorimetric techniques; Live cell imaging.