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Meta-Analysis
. 2025 Mar;52(3):408-420.
doi: 10.1111/jcpe.14074. Epub 2024 Sep 29.

Periodontitis and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Catiusse Crestani Del' Agnese  1 , Caroline Schöffer  1 , Karla Zanini Kantorski  1 , Fabricio Batistin Zanatta  1 , Cristiano Susin  2 , Raquel Pippi Antoniazzi  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Periodontitis and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Catiusse Crestani Del' Agnese et al. J Clin Periodontol. 2025 Mar.

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the association between periodontitis and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in adults, and to compare OHRQoL across different severities of the disease.

Materials and methods: Searches were conducted in five electronic databases up to December 2023. Observational studies that provided a clear definition of periodontitis and used validated measures of OHRQoL were included. Meta-analyses were performed both overall and based on factors that could explain heterogeneity between studies.

Results: Sixty studies comprising 14,851 individuals were included in the review. Meta-analyses showed that periodontitis was associated with impaired OHRQoL: any OHRQoL instruments (n = 33 studies; SMD: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.53-0.93), solely using the OHIP-14 (n = 26 studies; MD: 5.14, 95% CI: 3.64-6.64), and risk assessment (n = 9 studies; adjusted RR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.12-1.78). Stages III-IV periodontitis had a greater impact than Stages I-II periodontitis. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses indicated smaller effect size estimates for individuals with comorbidities.

Conclusions: Periodontitis negatively impacts OHRQoL, with a positive score-response relationship found between periodontitis severity and poorer OHRQoL. However, the magnitude of this association appears to be diminished in individuals with comorbidities.

Keywords: oral health; oral health–related quality of life; periodontal diseases; periodontitis; quality of life; systematic review.

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