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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Sep 26:12:e18083.
doi: 10.7717/peerj.18083. eCollection 2024.

Incidence and risk factors of new-onset sacroiliac joint pain after spinal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ChengHan Xu  1   2 , Xuxin Lin  1   2 , Yingjie Zhou  1 , Hanjie Zhuo  1 , Lei Yang  1 , Xubin Chai  1 , Yong Huang  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Incidence and risk factors of new-onset sacroiliac joint pain after spinal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ChengHan Xu et al. PeerJ. .

Abstract

Purpose: A systematic review and meta-analysis for incidence and risk factors of new-onset sacroiliac joint pain (SIJP) after spinal surgery aimed to provide evidence-based medical references for its early prevention, timely intervention, and appropriate treatment.

Methodology: The protocol of the systematic review and meta-analysis was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Review (PROSPERO) with the PROSPERO ID (CRD42023463177). Relevant studies were searched to January 2024 from the databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, and the types of studies were cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the Cross-Sectional/Prevalence Study Quality recommended by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). Two authors conducted studies search, data extraction, and quality assessment independently. Meta-analyses were done using Stata 14.0 software.

Results: Twelve observational studies with 3,570 spinal surgery patients were included. Ten were case-control studies, one was a cross-sectional study, and another was a cohort study, all of which were of moderate quality and above. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the incidence of new-onset SIJP after spinal surgery was 9.40%; females, no. of surgical segments, fusion to the sacrum, and postoperative pelvic tilt (PT) were significantly associated with the new-onset SIJP after spinal surgery. Meta-analyses for preoperative and postoperative controls of spondylopelvic parameters showed that postoperative lumbar lordosis (LL) in the SIJP group and postoperative LL and sacral slope (SS) of patients in the NoSIJP group had significant differences from preoperative.

Conclusion: Available evidence suggests that an increased risk of new-onset SIJP after spinal surgery is associated with sex, multi-segmental surgery, fusion to the sacrum, and greater postoperative PT.

Keywords: Incidence; Meta-analysis; Risk factors; Sacroiliac joint pain; Systematic review.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. PRISMA 2020 flow diagram (Page et al., 2021) for screening the articles included in the meta-analysis.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Incidence of new-onset SIJP.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Subgroup for the incidence of new-onset SIJP after spinal surgery.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Forest plot for sex.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Forest plot for age.
Figure 6
Figure 6. Forest plot for preoperative diagnosis.
Figure 7
Figure 7. Forest plot for No. of surgical segment.
Figure 8
Figure 8. Forest plot for fusion to sacrum.
Figure 9
Figure 9. Forest plot for two group controls of spondylopelvic parameters in patients.
Figure 10
Figure 10. Funnel plots for sex.
Figure 11
Figure 11. Forest plot for pre- and postoperative control meta-analyses of spondylopelvic parameters.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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