Ocular Manifestations of Systemic Diseases: Implications for Comprehensive Patient Care

Abstract

Background: Ocular manifestations of systemic diseases pose significant challenges to clinicians due to their diverse presentations and potential impact on vision. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for effective patient management and prevention of vision loss.

Materials and methods: In this prospective clinical study, we investigated ocular manifestations in 50 patients with various systemic diseases, including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. Patients underwent comprehensive ocular examinations and systemic evaluations to assess the prevalence and characteristics of ocular complications associated with each systemic condition.

Conclusion: Diabetic retinopathy was the most common ocular manifestation among diabetic patients, while hypertensive retinopathy predominated in hypertensive individuals. Autoimmune disorders were associated with uveitis and retinal vasculitis, whereas infectious diseases presented with ocular infections. Correlation analyses revealed significant associations between systemic parameters and ocular findings, emphasizing the importance of systemic disease control in preventing vision-threatening complications.

Keywords: Diabetic retinopathy; hypertensive retinopathy; interdisciplinary collaboration; ocular infections; ocular manifestations; retinal vasculitis; systemic diseases; uveitis.