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. 2024 Sep 13:12:1442102.
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1442102. eCollection 2024.

The mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between self-care ability and disability level in older adult patients with chronic diseases

Tiemei Wang  1 , Senlin Wang  1   2 , Nianwei Wu  1   3   4 , Yan Liu  5
Affiliations

The mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between self-care ability and disability level in older adult patients with chronic diseases

Tiemei Wang et al. Front Public Health. .

Abstract

Objective: This study investigates the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between self-care ability and disability level in older adult patients with chronic diseases.

Methods: A convenience sampling method was used to select 372 older adult patients with chronic diseases from five tertiary hospitals in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. General demographic information was collected using a questionnaire, and self-efficacy, self-care ability, and disability were assessed using standardized scales. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0, and the PROCESS macro was employed to test the mediating effect of self-efficacy.

Results: The mean score for self-efficacy was 26.09 ± 7.20, for self-care ability was 113.19 ± 23.31, and for disability was 154.19 ± 29.32. Self-efficacy was positively correlated with self-care ability (r = 0.73, p < 0.001. and negatively correlated with disability (r = -0.84, p < 0.001. and self-care ability and disability (r = -0.91, p < 0.001.. The indirect effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between self-care ability and level of disability was -0.03 (95% CI -0.08 to -0.04), accounting for 16.67% of the total effect.

Conclusion: Self-efficacy partially mediates the relationship between self-care ability and disability in older adult patients with chronic conditions. Healthcare providers can improve self-care behaviours and self-efficacy in older adult patients through effective interventions to reduce the incidence of disability.

Keywords: chronic diseases; disability; older adult; self-care; self-efficacy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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