Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2024 Sep 6;5(1):641-649.
doi: 10.1089/whr.2024.0045. eCollection 2024.

Trends in the Incidence of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Among the Medicaid Population before and During COVID-19

Jessica Lin  1 , Heidi Feng  1   2 , Ronald Horswell  1 , San Chu  1 , Yun Shen  1 , Gang Hu  1
Affiliations

Trends in the Incidence of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Among the Medicaid Population before and During COVID-19

Jessica Lin et al. Womens Health Rep (New Rochelle). .

Abstract

Importance: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are a group of high blood pressure disorders during pregnancy that are a leading cause of maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Data on the trend in the incidence of HDP among the Medicaid population during coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) are lacking.

Objective: To determine the trends in the annual incidence of HDP among pregnant Medicaid-insured women in Louisiana before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2016-2021).

Methods: A total of 113,776 pregnant women aged 15-50 years were included in this study. For multiparous individuals, only the first pregnancy was used in the analyses. Women with a diagnosis of each type-specific HDP were identified by using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) codes. The annual incidence of HDP was calculated for each race and age subgroup. For each type-specific HDP, the annual age-specific incidence was calculated.

Results: The incidence of HDP increased from 10.5% in 2016 to 17.7% in 2021. The highest race/ethnicity-specific incidence of HDP was seen in African American women (19.2%), then White women (13.1%), followed by other women (10.7%).

Conclusion and relevance: HDP remains a very prevalent and significant global health issue, especially in African American women and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Severe HDP substantially increases the risk of mortality in offspring and poses long-term issues for both mother and infant. HDP prevention holds particular relevance for the Medicaid population, given the health care disparities and barriers that impact quality of care, leading to an increased risk for HDP.

Keywords: COVID-19; HDP; Medicaid; health disparities; incidence.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

FIG. 1.
FIG. 1.
Flow diagram of the study.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Update of

References

    1. Ford ND, Cox S, Ko JY, et al. . Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and mortality at delivery hospitalization—United States, 2017–2019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71(17):585–591; doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7117a1 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Brown MA, Magee LA, Kenny LC, et al. International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy (ISSHP) . Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: ISSHP classification, diagnosis, and management recommendations for international practice. Hypertension 2018;72(1):24–43; doi: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.10803 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Luger RK, Kight BP. Hypertension In Pregnancy. StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing Copyright © 2023, StatPearls Publishing LLC; 2023. - PubMed
    1. Garovic VD, White WM, Vaughan L, et al. . Incidence and long-term outcomes of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020;75(18):2323–2334; doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.028 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Rana S, Lemoine E, Granger JP, et al. . Preeclampsia: Pathophysiology, challenges, and perspectives. Circ Res 2019;124(7):1094–1112; doi: 10.1161/circresaha.118.313276 - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources