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Review
. 2025 Jul-Aug;27(5-6):105427.
doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105427. Epub 2024 Sep 28.

Crosstalk between human endogenous retroviruses and exogenous viruses

Edoardo Pizzioli  1 , Antonella Minutolo  2 , Emanuela Balestrieri  2 , Claudia Matteucci  2 , Gkikas Magiorkinis  3 , Branka Horvat  4
Affiliations
Free article
Review

Crosstalk between human endogenous retroviruses and exogenous viruses

Edoardo Pizzioli et al. Microbes Infect. 2025 Jul-Aug.
Free article

Abstract

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are remnants of ancient retroviral infections of human germ-line cells, which are mostly silenced during evolution, but could be de-repressed and play a pathological role. Infection with some exogenous viruses, including herpesviruses, HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2, was demonstrated to induce the expression of HERV RNAs and proteins.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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