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. 2024 Oct 3;24(1):386.
doi: 10.1186/s12866-024-03546-4.

Genomic characteristics of antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors of carbapenem-resistant Stutzerimonas nitrititolerans isolated from the clinical specimen

Lifeng Shi #  1 , Yingmiao Zhang #  1 , Yu Zhan  1 , Xiuling Wang  1 , Jia Xu  2 , Hui Wang  1 , Ming Zeng  3 , Zhongxin Lu  4   5
Affiliations

Genomic characteristics of antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors of carbapenem-resistant Stutzerimonas nitrititolerans isolated from the clinical specimen

Lifeng Shi et al. BMC Microbiol. .

Abstract

Background: Stutzerimonas nitrititolerans (S. nitrititolerans) is a rare human pathogenic bacterium and has been inadequately explored at the genomic level. Here, we report the first case of carbapenem-resistant S. nitrititolerans isolated from the peritoneal dialysis fluid of a patient with chronic renal failure. This study analyzed the genomic features, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence factors of the isolated strain through whole genome sequencing (WGS).

Methods: The bacterial isolate from the peritoneal dialysis fluid was named PDI170223, and preliminary identification was conducted through Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). WGS of the strain PDI170223 was performed using the Illumina platform, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences. Antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) was conducted using the TDR-200B2 automatic bacteria identification/drug sensitivity tester.

Results: S. nitrititolerans may emerge as a human pathogen due to its numerous virulence genes, including those encoding toxins, and those involved in flagellum and biofilm formation. The AST results revealed that the strain is multidrug- and carbapenem-resistant. The antimicrobial resistance genes of S. nitrititolerans are complex and diverse, including efflux pump genes and β⁃lactam resistance genes.

Conclusion: The analysis of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of S. nitrititolerans provides clinical insight into the pathogenicity and potential risks of this bacterium. It is crucial to explore the mechanisms through which S. nitrititolerans causes diseases and maintains its antimicrobial resistance, thereby contributing to development of effective treatment and prevention strategies.

Keywords: Stutzerimonas nitrititolerans; Antimicrobial resistance; Virulence factors; Whole genome sequencing.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The growth conditions of strain PDI170223. (A) Growth of S. nitrititolerans on blood agar media. (B) Gram-staining of S. nitrititolerans showed Gram-negative bacilli. (C) Mass spectrum identification of S. nitrititolerans
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Phylogenetic relationships among the genus Stutzerimonas. The phylogenetic tree shows the relationship between the isolated strain PDI170223 (bold) and other members of the genus Stutzerimonas by 16 S rRNA gene sequences. The corresponding GenBank accession numbers are listed in parentheses
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The map shows the assembled genome sequence of strain PDI170223. From outside to inner side rings: the coding sequences (CDS) in green, RNA genes (tRNAs in red and rRNAs in yellow), GC content in black, and GC-skew graph in blue and purple
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance of strain PDI170223 have been predicted using different databases. (A) The antibiotic predicted proteins using CARD. (B) The virulence factors proteins were predicted based on the core dataset of the VFDB
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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