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. 2025 Jan;27(1):111-122.
doi: 10.1111/dom.15988. Epub 2024 Oct 3.

Metabolic risk factor targets in relation to clinical characteristics and comorbidities among individuals with type 2 diabetes treated in primary care - The countrywide cross-sectional AUSTRO-PROFIT study

Harald Sourij  1   2 , Kehkishan Azhar  1   2 , Faisal Aziz  1   2 , Harald Kojzar  1   2 , Caren Sourij  1   3 , Peter Fasching  4 , Martin Clodi  5 , Bernhard Ludvik  6 , Julia K Mader  2 , Michael Resl  5 , Gersina Rega-Kaun  4 , Claudia Ress  7 , Lars Stechemesser  8 , Harald Stingl  9 , Norbert J Tripolt  1   2 , Thomas Wascher  10 , Susanne Kaser  7
Affiliations

Metabolic risk factor targets in relation to clinical characteristics and comorbidities among individuals with type 2 diabetes treated in primary care - The countrywide cross-sectional AUSTRO-PROFIT study

Harald Sourij et al. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2025 Jan.

Abstract

Aims: This study assessed the achievement rates of metabolic risk factor targets and their association with clinical characteristics and comorbidities among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) treated in the primary care in Austria.

Materials and methods: A countrywide cross-sectional study, the AUSTRO-PROFIT, was conducted in Austria from 2021 to 2023 on 635 individuals with T2D. Metabolic risk factor targets were defined as the percentage of people achieving low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) <70 mg/dL (or < 55 mg/dL if cardiovascular or microvascular disease was present), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) <7% (53 mmol/mol) and blood pressure < 140/90 mmHg.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 65.7 ± 11.2 years; the median duration of T2D was 8 (4-14) years; and 58.7% of the participants were male. The percentages of participants achieving LDL-C, HbA1c, blood pressure and all targets were 44%, 53%, 57% and 13%, respectively. Older age, longer T2D duration, cardiovascular disease and microvascular complications were associated with suboptimal achievement of metabolic risk factor targets.

Conclusions: The AUSTRO-PROFIT study revealed notable variations in metabolic targets achievement with respect to clinical characteristics and comorbidities. These findings underscore the importance of establishing national diabetes registries and implementing multifactorial targeted and individualized interventions to further improve the quality of T2D care in primary care settings in Austria.

Keywords: clinical characteristics; comorbidities; metabolic risk factor targets; primary care; type 2 diabetes; type 2 diabetes care.

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Conflict of interest statement

Julia K. Mader is a member in the advisory boards of Abbott Diabetes Care, Becton‐Dickinson/Embecta, Biomea, Eli Lilly, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, Pharmasens, Roche Diabetes Care, Sanofi and Viatris; received speaker honoraria from Abbott Diabetes Care, A. Menarini Diagnostics, Becton‐Dickinson/Embecta, Eli Lilly, MedTrust, Novo Nordisk, Roche Diabetes Care, Sanofi and Ypsomed; and is a shareholder of decide Clinical Software GmbH and elyte Diagnostics. All other authors declare no conflict of interest related to this study.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Adjusted logistic regression analysis of metabolic risk factor targets with clinical factors, comorbidities and microvascular complications. BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HF, heart failure; HTN, hypertension; LDL‐C, low‐density lipoproteins cholesterol; T2D, type 2 diabetes. The solid shape indicates statistically significant association, and the hollow shape indicates statistically insignificant association.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Linear regression model of log‐NT‐proBNP with clinical factors, comorbidities and microvascular complications. BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HF, heart failure; HTN, hypertension; T2D, type 2 diabetes. The solid shape indicates statistically significant association, and the hollow shape indicates statistically insignificant association. NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal pro‐b‐type natriuretic peptide.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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