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. 2024 May 26;11(5):283-288.
doi: 10.1049/htl2.12087. eCollection 2024 Oct.

Adaptive non-invasive ventilation treatment for sleep apnea

Fleur T Tehrani  1 , James H Roum  2
Affiliations

Adaptive non-invasive ventilation treatment for sleep apnea

Fleur T Tehrani et al. Healthc Technol Lett. .

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of two non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) modalities to treat sleep apnea: (1) Average Volume Assured Pressure Support (AVAPS) NIV, and (2) Pressure Support (PS) NIV with Continuously Calculated Average Required Ventilation (CCARV). Two detailed (previously developed and tested) simulation models were used to assess the effectiveness of the NIV modalities. One simulated subjects without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the other simulated patients with COPD. Sleep apnea was simulated in each model (COPD and Non-COPD), and the ability of each NIV modality to normalize breathing was measured. In both NIV modalities, a low level continuous positive airway pressure was used and a backup respiratory rate was added to the algorithm in order to minimize the respiratory work rate. Both modalities could help normalize breathing in response to an episode of sleep apnea within about 5 min (during which time blood gases were within safe limits). AVAPS NIV and PS NIV with CCARV have potential value to be used for treatment of sleep apnea. Clinical evaluations are needed to fully assess the effectiveness of these NIV modalities.

Keywords: lung; physiological models; sleep; ventilation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
A block diagram of the simulation model used for non‐COPD patients in the study [19]. ▬▬▬ CO2 and O2 main blood circulation.—‐—‐ central medullary CO2 effects. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Sample simulation results of a patient with sleep apnea treated by NIV with the average volume assured pressure support. NIV, non‐invasive mechanical ventilation.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Sample simulation results of a patient with sleep apnea treated by pressure support NIV with continuously calculated average required ventilation.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Sample simulation results for a COPD patient with sleep apnea treated by NIV with CPAP and supplemental oxygen. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; NIV, non‐invasive mechanical ventilation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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