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. 2024 Sep 18:15:1465992.
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1465992. eCollection 2024.

Impact of weight variation on the microbiome of yak dams and calves

Hongzhuang Wang  1   2 , Wangdui Basang  1   2 , Zhandui Pingcuo  1   2 , Nan Jiang  1   2 , Guangming Sun  1   2 , Shah Nawaz  3 , Yangji Cidan  1   2 , Yang Liu  1   2 , Yanbin Zhu  1   2 , Dunzhu Luosang  1   2
Affiliations

Impact of weight variation on the microbiome of yak dams and calves

Hongzhuang Wang et al. Front Microbiol. .

Abstract

Introduction: Limited information exists regarding the microbiome composition of yak calves of varying weights. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the microbiomes of mother-calf pairs with different weight profiles.

Methods: Fecal and blood samples were collected from both lower-weight (CB) and higher-weight (HB) yak calves, along with their corresponding female yaks (CA, HA).

Results: The results revealed significantly higher levels of T-AOC (total antioxidant capacity) and GSH-Px (glutathione peroxidase) in HB animals (p < 0.001). Sequencing yielded 652,181 and 643,369 filtered reads in female and calf yaks, respectively. Alpha diversity analysis indicated that Chao1, Faith_pd, and Observed species were significantly higher in CA compared to HA (p < 0.01). Furthermore, nine genera were notably different between HA and CA yaks, including Avispirillum, Fimenecus, CAG-1031, Odoribacter 865974, and Jeotgalicoccus A 310962. Compared to CB yaks, CA animals exhibited significant differences in one phylum and six genera, including CAG-485 (p < 0.05), CAG-83 (p < 0.01), Copromorpha (p < 0.01), Phocaeicola A 858004 (p < 0.05), and UBA2253 (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: In summary, higher-weight yak calves demonstrated increased oxidative resistance, and weight profiles were linked to the microbiomes of both female yaks and their calves. These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing yak breeding practices in high-altitude regions.

Keywords: calf; microbiota; oxidative resistance; weight; yak.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The weight of yak calves (A) and oxidation resistance (B) in different groups.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Alpha diversity analysis of female yaks in different groups. (A) Indexes, (B) rarefaction curve, (C) rank abundance curve.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Alpha diversity analysis of yak calves in different groups. (A) Indexes, (B) rarefaction curve, (C) rank abundance curve.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Analyzing the intestinal flora structure female yaks in different taxa. (A) Phylum, (B) class, (C) order, (D) family, (E) genus.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Analyzing the intestinal flora structure yak calves in different taxa. (A) Phylum, (B) class, (C) order, (D) family, (E) genus.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Beta diversity analysis of female yaks ((A) PCoA, (B) NMDS) and yak calves ((C) PCoA, (D) NMDS).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Revealing the markedly different species between different groups via LEfSe. (A) Phylum (HA and CA), (B) genus (HA and CA), (C) phylum (HB and CB), (D) genus (HB and CB).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Revealing the markedly different species between different yaks via t-test. (A) Genus (CA and HA), (B) phylum (CB and HB), (C) genus (CB and HB).
Figure 9
Figure 9
Analyzing the microbiota function between female yaks and yak calves. (A) MetaCyc pathways of female yaks, (B) KEGG pathways of female yaks, (C) MetaCyc pathways of yak calves, (D) KEGG pathways of yak calves.
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