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Review
. 2024 Sep 19:15:1398084.
doi: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1398084. eCollection 2024.

Genetic improvement and genomic resources of important cyprinid species: status and future perspectives for sustainable production

Kiran D Rasal  1 , Pokanti Vinay Kumar  1 , Shasti Risha  1 , Prachi Asgolkar  1 , M Harshavarthini  1 , Arpit Acharya  1 , Siba Shinde  1 , Siyag Dhere  1 , Avinash Rasal  2 , Arvind Sonwane  1 , Manoj Brahmane  1 , Jitendra K Sundaray  2 , Naresh Nagpure  1
Affiliations
Review

Genetic improvement and genomic resources of important cyprinid species: status and future perspectives for sustainable production

Kiran D Rasal et al. Front Genet. .

Abstract

Cyprinid species are the most cultured aquatic species around the world in terms of quantity and total value. They account for 25% of global aquaculture production and significantly contribute to fulfilling the demand for fish food. The aquaculture of these species is facing severe concerns in terms of seed quality, rising feed costs, disease outbreaks, introgression of exotic species, environmental impacts, and anthropogenic activities. Numerous researchers have explored biological issues and potential methods to enhance cyprinid aquaculture. Selective breeding is extensively employed in cyprinid species to enhance specific traits like growth and disease resistance. In this context, we have discussed the efforts made to improve important cyprinid aquaculture practices through genetic and genomic approaches. The recent advances in DNA sequencing technologies and genomic tools have revolutionized the understanding of biological research. The generation of a complete genome and other genomic resources in cyprinid species has significantly strengthened molecular-level investigations into disease resistance, growth, reproduction, and adaptation to changing environments. We conducted a comprehensive review of genomic research in important cyprinid species, encompassing genome, transcriptome, proteome, metagenome, epigenome, etc. This review reveals that considerable data has been generated for cyprinid species. However, the seamless integration of this valuable data into genetic selection programs has yet to be achieved. In the upcoming years, genomic techniques, gene transfer, genome editing tools are expected to bring a paradigm shift in sustainable cyprinid aquaculture production. The comprehensive information presented here will offer insights for the cyprinid aquaculture research community.

Keywords: cyprinids; genetics; genomic selection; genomics; selective breeding.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Annual production of cyprinid species with production above 1 Mt/yr (FAO/FishStatJ, 2022).
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Whole genome sequence of important cyprinid species indicating genome size, Contigs N50, Scaffolds number.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Future perspectives of cyprinids in aquaculture.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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