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Review
. 2024 Sep 19;10(18):e38165.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38165. eCollection 2024 Sep 30.

The drug release of PLGA-based nanoparticles and their application in treatment of gastrointestinal cancers

Rui Sun  1 , Yanfei Chen  2 , Yanjiang Pei  1 , Wenbin Wang  1 , Zhi Zhu  1 , Zhaohua Zheng  1 , Limeng Yang  3 , Li Sun  1
Affiliations
Review

The drug release of PLGA-based nanoparticles and their application in treatment of gastrointestinal cancers

Rui Sun et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

The poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) based nanoparticles have been applied for drug delivery due to their simple preparation, biodegradability, and ideal biocompatibility. In this study, the factors affecting the degradation of PLGA-based nanoparticles are reviewed, encompassing the ratio of PLA to PGA, relative molecular weight, crystallinity, and preparation process of PLGA nanoparticles. The drug release behavior of PLGA-based nanoparticles, such as the degradation environment, encapsulated drug properties of polymers, and drug loading rates, are also discussed. Since gastrointestinal cancer is one of the major global threats to human health, this paper comprehensively summarizes the application of PLGA nanoparticles in gastrointestinal cancers from diagnosis, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and novel tumor treatment methods (immunotherapy, gene therapy, and photothermal therapy). Finally, the future application of PLGA-based drug delivery systems in treating gastrointestinal cancers is discussed. The bottleneck of application status and the prospect of PLGA-nanoparticles in gastrointestinal tumor application are presented. To truly realize the great and wide application of PLGA-based nanoparticles, collaborative progress in the field of nanomaterials and life sciences is needed.

Keywords: Chemotherapy; Drug release; Encapsulation; Gastrointestinal cancer; PLGA nanoparticles.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests:Limeng Yang reports financial support was provided by Xi'an Polytechnic University. Limeng Yang reports a relationship with Xi'an Polytechnic University that includes: employment. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Image 1
Graphical abstract
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Structure and synthesis of PLGA. Reprinted with permission [14].
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Schematic illustration of radiosensitization with 7-DHC@PLGA-NPs. Reprinted with permission [75].
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Illustration of the AMNC-mediated free-radical cascade for enhancing MRI-guided chemo/thermodynamic hypoxic tumor therapy. Reprinted with permission [118].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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