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. 2024 Sep 30:17:6887-6894.
doi: 10.2147/JIR.S477415. eCollection 2024.

Elevated Serum HMGB1 Levels and Their Association with Recurrence of Acute Ischaemic Stroke

Liping Shen  1 , Jiangsheng Yang  1 , Zufu Zhu  1 , Weizhang Li  1 , Junyou Cui  1 , Lingyun Gu  1
Affiliations

Elevated Serum HMGB1 Levels and Their Association with Recurrence of Acute Ischaemic Stroke

Liping Shen et al. J Inflamm Res. .

Abstract

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the correlation between baseline serum levels of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and the recurrence of acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Patients and methods: A total of 544 AIS patients were enrolled and followed up monthly. Serum HMGB1 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The primary endpoint was the first recurrence of AIS.

Results: During a median follow-up period of 43 months, 62 of the 544 AIS patients experienced a recurrence. Both HMGB1 levels and national institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) scores were significantly higher in the recurrence group compared to the no-recurrence group (p<0.05). According to the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the combination (0.855, 95% CI: 0.800-0.911) of HMGB1 (0.745, 95% CI: 0.663-0.826) and NIHSS (0.822, 95% CI: 0.758-0.886) had a higher value for predicting AIS recurrence than either of them (p<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analyses demonstrated that the cumulative survival without AIS recurrence was significantly lower in patients in the high HMGB1 level group than in the low HMGB1 level group (p<0.05). The multifactorial Cox analyses indicated that elevated baseline serum HMGB1 levels (HR: 7.489, 95% CI:4.383-12.795) were a highly effective predictor of recurrence in AIS.

Conclusion: Elevated baseline serum HMGB1 levels were found to be a highly effective predictor of recurrence in AIS.

Keywords: acute ischemic stroke; high mobility group box 1; recurrence.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author(s) report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of the study. AIS, acute ischemic stroke.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting AIS recurrence. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine the area under the curve for each variable and z-test comparisons were performed.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Kaplan-Meier curves showing the probability of no recurrence in patients with AIS at different HMGB1 levels. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to conduct survival analysis which were then compared using the Log rank test.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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