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. 2024 Sep 26:15:1440241.
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1440241. eCollection 2024.

The association between the gut microbiota metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide and heart failure

Zharkyn Jarmukhanov  1 , Nurislam Mukhanbetzhanov  1 , Samat Kozhakhmetov  1 , Madiyar Nurgaziyev  1 , Aliya Sailybayeva  2 , Makhabbat Bekbossynova  2 , Almagul Kushugulova  1
Affiliations

The association between the gut microbiota metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide and heart failure

Zharkyn Jarmukhanov et al. Front Microbiol. .

Abstract

This systematic review explores the relationship between the gut microbiota metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and heart failure (HF), given the significant impact of TMAO on cardiovascular health. A systematic search and meta-analysis of peer-reviewed studies published from 2013 to 2024 were conducted, focusing on adult patients with heart failure and healthy controls. The review found that elevated levels of TMAO are associated with atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, and increased cardiovascular disease risk, all of which can exacerbate heart failure. The analysis also highlights that high TMAO levels are linked to reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), further supporting TMAO's role as a biomarker in heart failure assessment. The findings suggest that interventions targeting gut microbiota to reduce TMAO could potentially benefit patients with heart failure, although further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of such approaches.

Keywords: TMAO; chronic heart failure; gut microbiome; heart failure; metabolite.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of the literature search and study selection process.
Figure 2
Figure 2
A forest plot of correlations between TMAO and LVEF.
Figure 3
Figure 3
A forest plot of correlations between TMAO and eGFR.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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