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Review
. 2025 Apr;22(4):273-303.
doi: 10.1038/s41569-024-01076-0. Epub 2024 Oct 11.

Clinical and subclinical acute brain injury caused by invasive cardiovascular procedures

Radosław Lenarczyk #  1   2 , Marco Proietti #  3   4 , Jan F Scheitz  5   6   7   8 , Dipen Shah  9 , Eberhard Siebert  10 , Diana A Gorog  11   12 , Jacek Kowalczyk  13   14 , Nikolaos Bonaros  15 , George Ntaios  16 , Wolfram Doehner  6   8   17   18 , Nicolas M Van Mieghem  19 , Sandor Nardai  20 , Jan Kovac  21 , Roland Fiszer  14   22 , Roberto Lorusso  23 , Eliano Navarese  24   25 , Sergio Castrejón  26 , Andrea Rubboli  27 , José Miguel Rivera-Caravaca  28 , Alaide Chieffo  29   30 , Gregory Y H Lip  31   32
Affiliations
Review

Clinical and subclinical acute brain injury caused by invasive cardiovascular procedures

Radosław Lenarczyk et al. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2025 Apr.

Abstract

Over the past 50 years, the number and invasiveness of percutaneous cardiovascular procedures globally have increased substantially. However, cardiovascular interventions are inherently associated with a risk of acute brain injury, both periprocedurally and postprocedurally, which impairs medical outcomes and increases health-care costs. Current international clinical guidelines generally do not cover the area of acute brain injury related to cardiovascular invasive procedures. In this international Consensus Statement, we compile the available knowledge (including data on prevalence, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation and management) to formulate consensus recommendations on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of acute brain injury caused by cardiovascular interventions. We also identify knowledge gaps and possible future directions in clinical research into acute brain injury related to cardiovascular interventions.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: R. Lenarczyk has received consultant and lecture fees from Abbott and Boston Scientific. J.K. has received lecture fees from AstraZeneca and Pfizer. W.D. has received consulting fees and speaker honoraria from Aimediq, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Scientific, Cardiomatics, Medtronic and Vifor Pharma; travel support from Pharmacosmos; and research support from Boehringer Ingelheim and Vifor Pharma. N.M.V.M. has received research grant support from Abbott Vascular, Boston Scientific, Daiichi–Sankyo, Medtronic, Meril, PulseCath BV and Teleflex; and has received advisory board fees from Abbott Vascular, Amgen, Anteris, Boston Scientific, Daiichi–Sankyo, JenaValve, Luma Vision, Medtronic, Pie Medical, PulseCath BV, Siemens and Teleflex. J.K. is a proctor and consultant and has a research contract for Boston Scientific. R. Lorusso is a consultant for LivaNova and Medtronic; is a member of the medical advisory board of Eurosets and Xenios; has received research grants from LivaNova and Medtronic; and has received a fee for presentation from Abiomed. J.M.R.-C. is a consultant for Idorsia Pharmaceuticals. A.C. is a speaker and consultant for Abbott Vascular, Abiomed, Boston Scientific, Biosensors, Medtronic and Menarini. G.Y.H.L. is a consultant and speaker for Anthos, BMS–Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi–Sankyo; no fees are received personally. The other authors declare no competing interests.

References

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