Removal-Free and Multicellular Suspension Bath-Based 3D Bioprinting

Shuai Li¹, Jianping Li², Jian Xu¹, Yifan Shen¹, Xiushuai Shang¹, Hangyu Li¹, Jingwen Wang², Yihao Liu³, Lei Qiang⁴, Zhiguang Qiao^{5

6}, Jinwu Wang³, Yong He^{7

8

9}, Yihe Hu¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
² Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precision Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
³ Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
⁴ Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
⁵ Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China.
⁶ Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology, Medical 3D Printing Innovation Research Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
⁷ The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
⁸ Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
⁹ Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.

PMID: 39394784
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202406891

Removal-Free and Multicellular Suspension Bath-Based 3D Bioprinting

Shuai Li et al. Adv Mater. 2024 Nov.

. 2024 Nov;36(48):e2406891.

doi: 10.1002/adma.202406891. Epub 2024 Oct 12.

Authors

Shuai Li¹, Jianping Li², Jian Xu¹, Yifan Shen¹, Xiushuai Shang¹, Hangyu Li¹, Jingwen Wang², Yihao Liu³, Lei Qiang⁴, Zhiguang Qiao^{5

6}, Jinwu Wang³, Yong He^{7

8

9}, Yihe Hu¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
² Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precision Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
³ Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
⁴ Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
⁵ Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China.
⁶ Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology, Medical 3D Printing Innovation Research Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
⁷ The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
⁸ Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
⁹ Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.

PMID: 39394784
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202406891

Abstract

Suspension bath-based 3D bioprinting (SUB3BP) is effective in creating engineered vascular structures. The transfer of oxygen and nutrients via engineered vascular networks is necessary for tissue or organ survival and integration following transplantation. Existing SUB3BP techniques face challenges in fabricating hierarchical structures with multicellular organization, including issues related to suspension bath removal, restricted material choices, and low accuracy. A next-generation SUB3BP technique that is removal-free and multicellular is presented. A simple, storable, stable, and scalable starch hydrogel design leverages the diverse spectrum of hydrogels available for use in SUB3BP. Starch granules (8.1 µm) create vascular structures with minimal surface roughness (2.5 µm) that simulate more natural vessel walls compared to prior research. The development of cells and organoids, as well as the bioprinting of multicellular skin models with vasculature, demonstrates that starch suspension baths eliminate the removal process and have the potential for fabricating artificial tissue with a hierarchical structure and multicellular distribution.

Keywords: 3D bioprinting; granular gel; removal‐free; starch hydrogel; suspension bath.

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References

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Removal-Free and Multicellular Suspension Bath-Based 3D Bioprinting

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Removal-Free and Multicellular Suspension Bath-Based 3D Bioprinting

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