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. 2024 Oct 11;6(10):000840.v3.
doi: 10.1099/acmi.0.000840.v3. eCollection 2024.

Spectrum of respiratory viruses identified from SARS-CoV-2-negative human respiratory tract specimens in Watansoppeng, Indonesia

Irfan Idris  1 , Isra Wahid  1 , Ungke Antonjaya  2 , Edison Johar  3   4 , Fiqry Hasan Kleib  3   4 , Ida Yus Sriyani  3   4 , Aghnianditya Kresno Dewantari  3   4 , Oderna Daming  5 , Mustakim Duharing  6 , Fatmawati Sappe  6 , Hajar Hasan  1 , Frilasita Aisyah Yudhaputri  3   4 , Din Syafruddin  1 , Khin Saw Aye Myint  3   4
Affiliations

Spectrum of respiratory viruses identified from SARS-CoV-2-negative human respiratory tract specimens in Watansoppeng, Indonesia

Irfan Idris et al. Access Microbiol. .

Abstract

Respiratory infections account for millions of hospital admissions worldwide. The aetiology of respiratory infections can be attributed to a diverse range of pathogens including viruses, bacteria and fungi. SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2)-negative specimens from Wattansoppeng city, South Sulawesi, were analysed to study the spectrum of respiratory viruses. Samples were screened for influenza virus, enterovirus, Paramyxoviridae, Nipah virus, Coronaviridae and Pneumoviridae. Of 210 specimens, 19 were positive for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-A, RSV-B, human parainfluenza virus type 1 (HPIV-1), HPIV-2, human rhinovirus (HRV)-A, HRV-B, HRV-C, human metapneumovirus (HMPV), influenza A virus (IAV) and coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6). Influenza virus was of seasonal H3N2 subtype. The HMPVs were of genotypes B1 and A2a, while one RSV-A was of the ON-1 genotype. The viruses mostly affected children with unknown severity.

Keywords: COVID-19; HMPV; Indonesia; RSV; influenza; respiratory viruses.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. K.S.A. Myint receives research support from the US CDC. The findings and conclusions expressed in this report do not necessarily represent the views of the US Center for Disease Control and Prevention.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.. (a) Map of Lalabata district in Watansoppeng city and location of the bat park. (b) Bats flying at dusk. (c) Wattansoppeng bat park in the afternoon. Bat roosts in trees (image inserts). The photo in (b) is courtesy of Isra Wahid and (c) is courtesy of Ungke Antonjaya.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.. Age distribution of patients and virus species of positive cases.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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