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. 2025 Jan 1;21(1):1-8.
doi: 10.1097/PTS.0000000000001292. Epub 2024 Oct 3.

Translation, Adaptation, and Validation of the Japanese Version of Second Victim Experience and Support Tool-Revised

Gen Aikawa  1 , Mitsuki Ikeda  2 , Ayako Fukushima  3 , Hideaki Sakuramoto  3 , Akira Ouchi  4 , Michiko Uchi  5 , Nobutake Shimojo  2
Affiliations

Translation, Adaptation, and Validation of the Japanese Version of Second Victim Experience and Support Tool-Revised

Gen Aikawa et al. J Patient Saf. .

Abstract

Objective: Healthcare workers involved in, and negatively affected by, patient safety incidents are referred to as second victims. The Second Victim Experience and Support Tool-Revised (SVEST-R) can reveal the second victim's degree of negative experiences and the desirability of the support options. However, a Japanese version of the SVEST-R (J-SVESTR) has not yet been developed. This study aimed to translate and adapt the SVEST-R into Japanese and validate its psychometric properties.

Methods: We performed forward and back translations of the SVEST-R and evaluated its clarity and content validity. Subsequently, we administered a cross-sectional questionnaire survey to evaluate the construct validity, internal consistency, and retest reliability of the J-SVESTR.

Results: The J-SVESTR was finalized with clarity and content validity supported by a pilot test and an expert panel. In total, 224 healthcare workers responded to the J-SVESTR survey. The 9 factors and 35 items model indicated an acceptable fit (χ 2 / df = 1.811, root mean square error of approximation = 0.060, comparative fit index = 0.871, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.854, standardized root mean squared residual = 0.077). Cronbach's α values ranged from 0.68 to 0.85. The intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.63 to 0.87.

Conclusions: The J-SVESTR retained 9 factors and 35 items, with no item changes from the original. The psychometric properties of the J-SVESTR are acceptable. The J-SVESTR can help investigate the actual situation and desired support options for second victims in Japan.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest and Source of Funding: AF received a grant from the Japanese Red Cross Kyushu International College of Nursing (22-1), and GA received grants from Terumo Life Science Foundation (#22-III 6001) ( https://www.terumozaidan.or.jp/ ) and JSPS KAKENHI (23K19779). This work was supported by these grants. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or manuscript preparation of the manuscript. The authors disclose no conflict of interest.

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