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. 2024 Sep 24;12(19):1909.
doi: 10.3390/healthcare12191909.

The Impact of Smoking on Arterial Stiffness in Young Adults: A Prospective Analysis

Suzana Maria Guberna  1 , Cosmina Elena Jercălău  1   2 , Andreea Catană  2 , Eleonora Drăgan  1 , Anamaria-Georgiana Avram  1 , Irina Cuciureanu  1 , Maria Mirabela Manea  2   3 , Cătălina Liliana Andrei  1   2
Affiliations

The Impact of Smoking on Arterial Stiffness in Young Adults: A Prospective Analysis

Suzana Maria Guberna et al. Healthcare (Basel). .

Abstract

Background: Arterial stiffness is a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, often associated with aging. However, the impact of smoking on arterial stiffness is frequently underestimated. This study aims to investigate the intricate relationship between smoking and arterial stiffness to advance our understanding of and therapeutic approaches to cardiovascular health.

Methods: A prospective analysis was conducted from January to July 2024, focusing on arterial stiffness parameters in a cohort of students from the Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy. Participants were categorized as smokers or non-smokers based on self-reported smoking status. The study endpoints included correlations between high pulse wave velocity, elevated peripheral and central systolic blood pressure, increased peripheral and central pulse pressure, and smoking status. These markers were assessed using an arteriograph device measuring the time difference between the initial forward pulse wave and the reflected pulse wave in the brachial artery to indirectly estimate the PWV using oscillometric pulsations.

Results: Our investigation, involving 102 young individuals aged 20 to 26 (69 females, 33 males), revealed that smokers exhibited significantly higher average values of arterial stiffness indicators compared to non-smokers. Current smokers had higher mean systolic blood pressure (130.65 vs. 123.05 mmHg), higher mean peripheral pulse pressure (53.19 vs. 45.64 mmHg), higher mean central pulse pressure (33.66 vs. 29.69 mmHg), and higher mean pulse wave velocity (5.27 vs. 5.03 m/s).

Conclusions: The utilization of arterial stiffness markers as predictive tools offers opportunities for personalized treatment strategies, potentially enhancing cardiovascular health outcomes.

Keywords: arterial stiffness; arteriograph; personalized treatment; smoking; younger.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) Correlation between weight and PWV value. (b) Correlation between weight and AIx.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) Correlation between BMI and PWV. (b) Correlation between BMI and AIx.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Correlation between pack-years and PWV. (b) Correlation between pack-years and AIx.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Correlation between pack-years and PWV. (b) Correlation between pack-years and AIx.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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