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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Sep 29;16(19):3298.
doi: 10.3390/nu16193298.

Omega-3 Supplementation in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients: Impact on ICU Stay and Hospital Stay-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Asma Ouagueni  1 , Zumin Shi  1 , Mujahed Shraim  2 , Raed M Al-Zoubi  3   4   5 , Ahmad Zarour  6 , Abdulla Al-Ansari  3   7 , Hiba Bawadi  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Omega-3 Supplementation in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients: Impact on ICU Stay and Hospital Stay-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Asma Ouagueni et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is associated with inflammation and complications, potentially leading to prolonged ICU and hospital stays. Omega-3 PUFA has anti-inflammatory properties, thought to potentially reduce complications in CABG patients. This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze the impact of perioperative omega-3 PUFA supplementation on total ICU and total hospital stays in CABG patients; Methods: Randomized controlled trials examining the effects of omega-3 PUFA supplementation (IV/oral) on ICU and hospital stays in CABG patients were included. Studies were searched for in PubMed, EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial databases, along with hand searching of reference lists. The quality and risk of bias of the included studies were evaluated by two independent reviewers using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Meta-analysis was performed using fixed or random effects models according to the level of heterogeneity by mean difference with their 95% confidence intervals; Results: Twelve studies were included in the qualitative analysis and seven in the meta-analysis. Omega-3 PUFA was associated with a significant reduction in days of hospital stay (-0.58 (95% CI -1.13, -0.04)). Subgroup analysis showed that only oral omega-3 PUFA supplementation resulted in a statistically significant reduction in length of hospitalization after subgroup analysis with MD -0.6 (95% CI -1.17, -0.04); Conclusions: This study suggests that perioperative omega-3 PUFA supplementation may reduce the length of hospitalization in CABG patients, especially when administered orally. However, the findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the high level of heterogeneity.

Keywords: CABG; ICU; hospital stay; meta-analysis; omega-3 PUFA.

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Conflict of interest statement

There was heterogeneity among the studies concerning the sources of funding and conflict of interest disclosures. Five studies explicitly stated that authors had no conflicts of interest [29,42,47,50,51]. In contrast, five studies did not provide any conflict of interest disclosure [43,45,46,48,49,52]. Notably, only one study acknowledged the presence of conflicts of interest [44].

Regarding funding sources, five studies received support from pharmaceutical companies [44,45,47,48,50]. Two studies declared no external funding [42,52], while three studies provided no information regarding funding sources [43,46,49].

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study flow diagram based on the PRISMA checklist.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) Risk-of-bias summary of studies examining the effects of the omega-3 PUFA; (b) Risk-of-bias graph of studies examining the effects of the omega-3 PUFA. Done by according to Cochrane’s risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials [29,39,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Meta-analysis and subgroup analysis of the impact of perioperative administration of omega-3 PUFA (intravenous and oral), compared to control (usual care or non-fish oils) on post-surgical intensive care unit stay in patients undergoing CABG surgery. The figure is done by STATA SE software version 17 [29,43,45,46,51].
Figure 4
Figure 4
Meta-analysis and subgroup analysis of the impact of perioperative administration of omega-3 PUFA compared to control on hospital length of stay for patients undergoing CABG surgery. The figure is done by STATA SE software version 17 [29,43,49,51,52].
Figure 5
Figure 5
Funnel plot to assess publication bias for studies of length of hospital stay outcome.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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