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. 2024 Oct 3;14(19):2853.
doi: 10.3390/ani14192853.

Unveiling the Genetic Architecture of Semen Traits in Thai Native Roosters: A Comprehensive Analysis Using Random Regression and Spline Function Models

Iin Mulyawati Daryatmo  1 , Jiraporn Juiputta  1 , Vibuntita Chankitisakul  1   2 , Wuttigrai Boonkum  1   2
Affiliations

Unveiling the Genetic Architecture of Semen Traits in Thai Native Roosters: A Comprehensive Analysis Using Random Regression and Spline Function Models

Iin Mulyawati Daryatmo et al. Animals (Basel). .

Abstract

Improving reproductive traits, particularly semen quality and quantity, is crucial for optimizing poultry production and addressing the current limitations in native chicken reproduction. The aim of this study was to develop a genetic model to estimate genetic parameters guiding the selection of individual Thai native roosters. Using data collected from 3475 records of 242 Thai native grandparent roosters aged 1-4 years, we evaluated semen traits (mass movement, semen volume, and sperm concentration) over 54 weeks. A random regression test-day model incorporating five covariance functions, including a linear spline function with four, five, six, and eight knots (SP4, SP5, SP6, and SP8) and second-order Legendre polynomial function (LG2), was used to estimate genetic parameters. The results showed that the SP8 model consistently outperformed the other models across all traits, with the lowest mean square error, highest coefficient of determination, and superior predictive ability. Heritability estimates for mass movement, semen volume, and sperm concentration ranged from 0.10 to 0.25, 0.22 to 0.25, and 0.11 to 0.24, respectively, indicating moderate genetic influence on these traits. Genetic correlations between semen volume and sperm concentration were highest in the SP8 model, highlighting a strong genetic association between these traits. The SP8 model also revealed a high genetic correlation between mass movement and semen volume, supporting the potential for selecting mass movement as a predictor of semen volume. In conclusion, this study highlights the effectiveness of random regression models with linear spline functions to evaluate the genetic parameters of semen traits in native Thai roosters. The SP8 model is a robust tool for breeders to enhance the reproductive performance of native Thai chickens, contributing to sustainable poultry production systems.

Keywords: genetic correlation; genetic parameter; heritability; indigenous chicken; spline function.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing financial or personal interests that may have influenced the work reported in this study.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Average monthly semen traits (mass movement, semen volume, and sperm concentration) and linear regression analysis by rooster age.
Figure 1
Figure 1
Average monthly semen traits (mass movement, semen volume, and sperm concentration) and linear regression analysis by rooster age.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Estimated heritability of semen traits (mass movement, semen volume, and sperm concentration) using a random regression model with five covariance functions ((A) = second-order Legendre polynomial function (LG2); (B) = 4-knot linear spline function (SP4); (C) = 5-knot linear spline function (SP5); (D) = 6-knot linear spline function (SP6); (E) = 8-knot linear spline function (SP8)).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Estimated heritability of semen traits (mass movement, semen volume, and sperm concentration) using a random regression model with five covariance functions ((A) = second-order Legendre polynomial function (LG2); (B) = 4-knot linear spline function (SP4); (C) = 5-knot linear spline function (SP5); (D) = 6-knot linear spline function (SP6); (E) = 8-knot linear spline function (SP8)).
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