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. 2024 Oct 7;14(19):2882.
doi: 10.3390/ani14192882.

Frequency and Genetic Analysis of Porcine Circovirus Type 2, Which Circulated between 2014 and 2021 in Jiangsu, China

Qi Xiao  1   2   3   4 , Meng Qu  1 , Jianping Xie  1   2   3   4 , Cigen Zhu  5 , Yuping Shan  6 , Aihua Mao  1 , Wenxian Qian  1 , Jiaping Zhu  1 , Jiahui Guo  1 , Dong Lang  1 , Jiaqiang Niu  7 , Libin Wen  1   2   3   4 , Kongwang He  1   2   3   4
Affiliations

Frequency and Genetic Analysis of Porcine Circovirus Type 2, Which Circulated between 2014 and 2021 in Jiangsu, China

Qi Xiao et al. Animals (Basel). .

Abstract

Porcine circovirus-associated diseases, caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), are widespread and result in significant economic losses to the global swine industry. PCV2 can currently be divided into nine genotypes (PCV2a to PCV2i), with the currently dominant one being the PCV2d genotype. In this study, 2675 samples from 804 pig farms in 13 cities in Jiangsu Province, China, were collected between 2014 and 2021 and subjected to polymerase chain reaction analysis to investigate the frequency and genetic diversity of PCV2. The results showed that 41.42% (1108/2675) of samples tested positive for PCV2. The researchers further analyzed the genetic characteristics of 251 PCV2 strains and found that they belonged to the following four genotypes: PCV2a, PCV2b, PCV2d, and PCV2i. The dominant genotype was PCV2d, with a frequency of 49.80% (125/251). The detection rate of PCV2b was significantly higher than those of PCV2a and PCV2i, at 35.46% (89/251), 7.57% (19/251), and 7.17% (18/251), respectively. The percentage of different genotypes of PCV2 varied irregularly over time. We have further revealed the fingerprint of PCV2i genomic nucleotides for the first time. In conclusion, this study illustrates the high frequency and evolutionary features of PCV2 in Jiangsu Province over the past few years.

Keywords: Jiangsu Province; genetic analysis; genotype; porcine circovirus type 2.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Phylogenetic tree based on 251 PCV2 complete sequences used in this study. The tree was constructed with MEGA7.0 software using the neighbor-joining (NJ) method with1000 bootstrap replications. The representative strains of different genotypes of PCV2 used in this study are PCV2a (AF381175), PCV2b (AY181945), PCV2c (EU148503), PCV2d (AY181946), PCV2e (KT795289), PCV2f (MF278779), PCV2g (JX099786), and PCV2h (JX506730).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Proportion of different PCV2 genotypes in 251 strains in Jiangsu from 2014 to 2021.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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