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. 2024 Oct 1:20:100791.
doi: 10.1016/j.resplu.2024.100791. eCollection 2024 Dec.

The impact of locked cabinets for automated external defibrillators (AEDs) on cardiac arrest and AED outcomes: A scoping review

Lawrence Oonyu  1 , Gavin D Perkins  2   3 , Christopher M Smith  2 , Christian Vaillancourt  4   5 , Theresa M Olasveengen  6   7 , Janet E Bray  8   9 ; ILCOR BLS Task Force
Affiliations

The impact of locked cabinets for automated external defibrillators (AEDs) on cardiac arrest and AED outcomes: A scoping review

Lawrence Oonyu et al. Resusc Plus. .

Abstract

Background: Rapid public defibrillation with automated external defibrillators (AEDs) is critical to improving out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival. Concerns about AED theft and vandalism have led to implementing security measures, including locked cabinets. This scoping review, conducted as part of the evidence review for the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation, explores the impact of securing AEDs in locked cabinets.

Methods: Searches of Medline, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL (from database inception to 25/5/2024) and Google Scholar (first 200 articles). Studies of any type or design, published with an English abstract, examining the impact of locked AED cabinets were included. The included studies were grouped by outcomes, and an iterative narrative synthesis was performed.

Results: We screened 2,096 titles and found 10 relevant studies: 8 observational studies (4 published as conference abstracts) and 2 simulation studies. No study reported patient outcomes. Studies reported data on between 36 and 31,938 AEDs. Most studies reported low rates (<2%) of theft/missing/vandalism, including AEDs that were accessible 24/7. The only study comparing unlocked and locked cabinets showed minimal difference in theft and vandalism rates (0.3% vs. 0.1%). Two simulation studies showed significantly slower AED retrieval when additional security measures, included locked cabinets, were used. A survey of first responders reported half (25/50) were injured while accessing an AED that required breaking glass to access.

Conclusion: The limited literature suggests that vandalism and the loss of AEDs are rare and occur in locked and unlocked cabinets. Research on this topic is needed that focuses on real-life retrieval and patient outcomes.

Keywords: Access; Automated external defibrillators; Defibrillation; Heart arrest; Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; Public access defibrillation; Security.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. GDP is Editor-in-Chief and JEB is an Associate Editor of Resusciation Plus.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The PRISMA flowchart.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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