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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Oct 18;24(1):677.
doi: 10.1186/s12884-024-06832-1.

The association between maternal anemia and neonatal anemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Bokang Zhao  1 , Mengxing Sun  2   3   4 , Tianchen Wu  2   3   4 , Jiaxin Li  2   3 , Huifeng Shi #  5   6   7 , Yuan Wei #  8   9   10
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

The association between maternal anemia and neonatal anemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Bokang Zhao et al. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. .

Abstract

Importance: Neonatal anemia has a long-term effect on children's growth and development. Anemia during pregnancy is also the most widespread nutritional deficiency among pregnant women in the world; If it leads to anemia in newborns, it will affect a wide range of people and be a public health problem worthy of attention.

Objective: To study the relationship between maternal anemia during pregnancy and neonatal hemoglobin levels.

Data sources: PubMed, Web of science, Scopus, MEDLINE, Embase, ProQuest, Dissertations & Theses Global, The Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine Database, Chinese CNKI Database, and Chinese Wanfang Database were systematically searched from inception to August 31, 2022.

Study selection: The meta-analysis included all original studies which pertain to cohort studies, case-control studies or cross-sectional studies that investigated the relationship between maternal anemia during pregnancy and neonatal hemoglobin levels.

Data extraction and synthesis: Hemoglobin level of both anemic and non-anemic pregnant mothers and their paired newborns were pooled from the selected studies. The random-effects model was used to assess the risk of getting a lower neonatal hemoglobin level between mothers with and without pregnant anemia. Data analyses were performed from September 5, 2022, to March 10, 2023.

Main outcomes and measures: Maternal anemia during pregnancy is a risk factor of lower neonatal hemoglobin levels.

Results: The initial search yielded 4267 records of which 116 articles underwent full-text evaluation, which identified 18 articles and a total of 1873 patients that were included. The findings of the meta-analysis showed a significant difference between the two groups(MD=-1.38; 95%CI:[-1.96,-0.80]. p<0.01), while the co-effect showed that the neonatal hemoglobin value of anemic mothers was 1.38g/dL lower than that of non-anemic mothers(-1.96,-0.80), suggesting a correlation between maternal anemia lower neonatal hemoglobin levels.

Conclusions and relevance: This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that maternal anemia during pregnancy were associated with a lower level of newborn hemoglobin levels. This may enable a better understanding of neonatal anemia and provide guidance towards future development of nutritional supplementation during pregnancy and the prediction of postpartum outcomes.

Trial registration: PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42022352759.

Keywords: Infants; Iron deficiency; Maternal anemia; Nutrition.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow diagram of studies included in the systematic review and meta-analysis
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Forest plot of hazard ratios of affects of anemia during pregnancy on anemia incidence of newborns
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Assessment of the influence on the co-effect on each study
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Subgroup analyses of the time of maternal blood sample collection
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Subgroup analyses of anemia type
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Subgroup analyses of maternal anemia severity
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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