Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) as a novel biomarker in the era of cardiometabolic medicine

Ashot Avagimyan¹, Nana Pogosova², Federica Fogacci³, Elena Aghajanova⁴, Zinaida Djndoyan⁵, Dimitrios Patoulias⁶, Lorenzo Lo Sasso⁷, Marco Bernardi⁸, Andrea Faggiano⁹, Noushin Mohammadifard¹⁰, Danilo Neglia¹¹, Stefano Carugo⁹, Arrigo Cicero¹², Manfredi Rizzo¹³, Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai¹⁴, Raffaele De Caterina¹⁵, Nizal Sarrafzadegan¹⁶

Affiliations

¹ Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Electronic address: dr.ashotavagimyan@gmail.com.
² Deputy Director of Research and Preventive Cardiology, National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology named after E. Chazov, Moscow, Russia; Head of Evidence-Based Medicine Department, Institute of Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russia.
³ Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Disorders Research Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
⁴ Head of Endocrinology Department, Head of Endocrinology Unit of Muratsan University Clinic, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia.
⁵ Head of Internal Diseases Propaedeutics Department, Head of Internal Diseases Unit, Mikaelyan University Clinic, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia.
⁶ Outpatient Department of Cardiometabolic Medicine, Second Department of Cardiology, General Hospital "Hippokration", Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
⁷ Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
⁸ Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy.
⁹ Department of Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Area, Foundation IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
¹⁰ Head of Nutrition Department, Cardiovascular Research Institute the WHO Collaborative Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
¹¹ Cardiovascular Department, CNR Research Area, Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
¹² Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Unit, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, IRCCS Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
¹³ Head of Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Italy; Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
¹⁴ Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy.
¹⁵ Head of Cardiology Department, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
¹⁶ Director of Cardiovascular Research Institute WHO Collaboration Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

PMID: 39426418
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132663

Review

Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) as a novel biomarker in the era of cardiometabolic medicine

Ashot Avagimyan et al. Int J Cardiol. 2025.

. 2025 Jan 1:418:132663.

doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132663. Epub 2024 Oct 18.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Electronic address: dr.ashotavagimyan@gmail.com.
² Deputy Director of Research and Preventive Cardiology, National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology named after E. Chazov, Moscow, Russia; Head of Evidence-Based Medicine Department, Institute of Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russia.
³ Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Disorders Research Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
⁴ Head of Endocrinology Department, Head of Endocrinology Unit of Muratsan University Clinic, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia.
⁵ Head of Internal Diseases Propaedeutics Department, Head of Internal Diseases Unit, Mikaelyan University Clinic, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia.
⁶ Outpatient Department of Cardiometabolic Medicine, Second Department of Cardiology, General Hospital "Hippokration", Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
⁷ Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
⁸ Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy.
⁹ Department of Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Area, Foundation IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
¹⁰ Head of Nutrition Department, Cardiovascular Research Institute the WHO Collaborative Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
¹¹ Cardiovascular Department, CNR Research Area, Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
¹² Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Unit, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, IRCCS Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
¹³ Head of Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Italy; Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
¹⁴ Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy.
¹⁵ Head of Cardiology Department, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
¹⁶ Director of Cardiovascular Research Institute WHO Collaboration Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

PMID: 39426418
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132663

Erratum in

Corrigendum to "Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) as a novel biomarker in the era of cardiometabolic medicine" [International Journal of Cardiology Volume 418, 1 January 2025, 132663].
Avagimyan A, Pogosova N, Fogacci F, Aghajanova E, Djndoyan Z, Patoulias D, Sasso LL, Bernardi M, Faggiano A, Mohammadifard N, Neglia D, Carugo S, Cicero A, Rizzo M, Biondi-Zoccai G, De Caterina R, Sarrafzadegan N. Avagimyan A, et al. Int J Cardiol. 2025 Feb 15;421:132907. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132907. Epub 2024 Dec 21. Int J Cardiol. 2025. PMID: 39709671 No abstract available.

Abstract

In the period of increasing prevalence of metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes, healthcare professionals are facing significant challenges. Therefore, an accurate global assessment of insulin resistance is of utmost importance. Current medical research is focused on identifying an easily accessible and reproducible gold-standard surrogate marker for insulin resistance. Ideally, such a marker would enable healthcare providers to predict the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) is a promising marker for preventive cardiology and cardiometabolic medicine. This narrative review article aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the credibility of TyG as a surrogate marker of insulin resistance among patients at different stages across the cardiometabolic continuum. This assessment fully complies with evidence-based medicine and offers valuable insight into the clinical utility of TyG.

Keywords: Cardiodiabetology; Cardiovascular risk; Glucose; Triglyceride-glucose index; Triglycerides; TyG.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest Epson.

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Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) as a novel biomarker in the era of cardiometabolic medicine

Affiliations

Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) as a novel biomarker in the era of cardiometabolic medicine

Authors

Affiliations

Erratum in

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances