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. 2024 Sep 19;16(9):e69717.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.69717. eCollection 2024 Sep.

Comparison of the Grades of Fatty Liver Disease With Perioperative Risk Factors in Patients With Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy

Yalçın Burak Kara  1   2 , Yahya Ozel  3   2
Affiliations

Comparison of the Grades of Fatty Liver Disease With Perioperative Risk Factors in Patients With Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy

Yalçın Burak Kara et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Background Obesity is a global healthcare problem, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a commonly observed comorbid disease in the bariatric population. This study evaluated the relationship between NAFLD and various risk factors, including demographic, biochemical, and comorbid conditions in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Material and methods This retrospective data analysis study included patients who underwent LSG between August 2023 and 2024. Patient demographic data were collected, such as age, gender, weight, and body mass index (BMI), and NAFLD grade was determined by ultrasonography. Biochemical markers were recorded, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, and vitamin D. The presence of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension (HT) was evaluated and compared with the grade of hepatosteatosis. Results The study included 436 patients, of whom 73.6% (n = 321) were female. The mean age was 37.23 ± 10.49 years, and the mean BMI value was 41.25 ± 6.11 kg/m2. Patients were classified and compared according to their NAFLD grade, revealing statistically significant differences in weight, BMI, ALT, AST, HDL, LDL, TG, total cholesterol, HbA1c, FBG, vitamin D, obesity class, DM, and HT (p < 0.05). HDL and vitamin D showed an inverse correlation with NAFLD. We observed no significant difference in the relationship of NAFLD with age and the presence of gallstone. Logistic regression analysis revealed that ALT, AST, LDL, total cholesterol, and FBG were statistically significantly associated with NAFLD in the multivariate model. Conclusion Hepatosteatosis, T2DM, and HT are frequent comorbid diseases that are common in bariatric patients. Our study shows that ALT, AST, LDL, FBG, and total cholesterol may be used as predictors of NAFLD.

Keywords: bariatric surgery; hepatosteatosis; laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy; nonalcolic fatty liver disease; risk factors.

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Conflict of interest statement

Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Correlation of variables with hepatic steatosis
BMI: body mass index, ALT: alanine aminotransferase, AST: aspartate aminotransferase, HT: hypertension, LDL: low-density lipoprotein, HDL: high-density lipoprotein, HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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