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. 2024 Feb 22;20(4):1153-1162.
doi: 10.5114/aoms/183955. eCollection 2024.

Global, regional, and national burdens of rheumatoid arthritis in young adults from 1990 to 2019

Minghua Zhang  1 , Miaozhong Li  1 , Haoliang Hu  1 , Xueyuan Li  1 , Mintao Tian  1
Affiliations

Global, regional, and national burdens of rheumatoid arthritis in young adults from 1990 to 2019

Minghua Zhang et al. Arch Med Sci. .

Abstract

Introduction: Our aim was to analyze the regional and national levels of the global burden of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) among young adults (aged 15-49) in order to identify long-term trends.

Material and methods: The data for this study were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019, which assessed 369 diseases and injuries as well as 87 risk factors in 204 countries and 21 regions. To evaluate a nation's level of development, a composite statistic called the socio-demographic index (SDI) was utilized. We analyzed the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) related to RA in individuals in young adults. Additionally, we estimated the annual percentage changes (EAPCs) for the aforementioned parameters.

Results: From 1990 to 2019, there was a positive trend in the ASIR of and age-standardized DALY rate due to RA in young adults. The high-SDI region experienced the highest ASIR and age-standardized DALY rates due to RA, with significant increases in these parameters during the same period (EAPC = 0.46 and 0.41, respectively). The region that witnessed the largest increase in the ASIR of RA in young adults was Andean Latin America (EAPC = 1.48), while Qatar had the largest increase among countries (EAPC = 2.30). Similarly, Andean Latin America recorded the largest increase in the age-standardized DALY rate due to RA (EAPC = 0.98), with Qatar having the largest increase among countries (EAPC = 2.01).

Conclusions: From 1990 to 2019, there was a notable increase in both the age-standardized DALY rates and ASIRs associated with RA in young adults. This positive trend was particularly evident in high-SDI regions. However, it is worth noting that the impact of RA on young adults in low-income areas of Andean Latin America was also substantial.

Keywords: Global Burden of Disease Study; age-standardized DALY rate; age-standardized incidence rate; estimated annual percentage changes; rheumatoid arthritis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
EAPC of the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized DALY rate of rheumatoid arthritis for the world, 21 regions and different SDI sub-regions from 1990 to 2019: A – age-standardized incidence rate; B – age-standardized DALY rate
Figure 2
Figure 2
Time trends for incidence rate, and number of DALYs of rheumatoid arthritis by region from 1990 to 2019 – both genders: A – incidence rate; B – number of DALYs
Figure 3
Figure 3
Age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized DALY rate of rheumatoid arthritis in the world from 1990 to 2019: A – age-standardized incidence rate; B – age-standardized DALY rate
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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