Development, dissemination and survey evaluation of layered education for healthcare professionals to support implementation of firearm injury and mortality prevention strategies in emergency care settings, New York, USA

Abstract

Background: There is consensus on the need and ability to address firearm injury risk in healthcare settings; however, the lack of education for healthcare professionals hinders the implementation of evidence-based firearm injury and mortality prevention strategies. The objectives of this study are to develop, disseminate and evaluate education for team members to facilitate implementation in emergency departments METHOD: Two-tiered education was developed in partnership with stakeholders and disseminated to the healthcare team, covering evidence-based screening and interventions for firearm access and violence risk. The implementation, development and dissemination strategies followed the framework used for systemwide Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment implementation for substance use. Team members who screened patients for firearm injury risk received screening education and team members meeting with patients who screened positive received intervention education. Participants completed surveys to evaluate the education and learning objectives.

Results: Across three emergency departments from March 2021 to May 2022, 267 team members completed screening education. Key takeaways reported by 173 participants were how to screen (24.9%), the 5L's of Firearm Safety (19.7%) and the prevalence of firearm injury (11.0%). Participants still had questions about workflow, resources and safety. 34 of 67 (50.7%) intervention education participants completed the postsurvey. 100% were confident they could screen, 79% were confident they could provide brief interventions and 88% were confident their site could implement firearm injury prevention strategies.

Conclusion: Tiered education for firearm injury prevention screening and intervention achieved learning objectives and facilitated programme implementation. Education increased knowledge and confidence regarding firearm injury risk screening and its importance in healthcare settings.

Keywords: Education; Firearm; Program evaluation; Public Health.

Figure 1. Mapping firearm Injury and mortality prevention educational content to screening and intervention clinical process, 2022, Northwell Health, New York, USA.

Figure 2. Sample slides from firearm injury and mortality prevention (FIMP) education, 2021, Northwell Health, New York, USA.